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A steering system that lightens the load of the driver to make turning easier is called power steering. The tractor power steering system may assist in making difficult maneuvers, like those requiring heavy turning. The tractors employ hydraulic steering and electronic power steering as the two main categories.
Hydraulic power steering (HPS)
Whether the vehicle is moving or not, hydraulic power steering allows the driver to turn the steering wheel with little to no effort. The system works well, thanks to the hydraulic pump, which supplies pressurized fluid to the gear box through the hoses. The location and angle of the front axle depend on the quantity of oil that the hydraulic pump delivers to the gear box.
Electronic Power Steering (EPS)
EPS systems utilize sensors and electric motors instead of hydraulic pressure to assist steering. Torque sensors monitor the amount of force needed for steering and relay this information to an electronic control unit (ECU). The ECU calculates the appropriate assistance based on factors like vehicle speed and driver input. An electric motor, often mounted within the steering column, provides the necessary force to assist in steering the wheels. EPS eliminates the need for hydraulic fluid and pumps, resulting in a lighter system that consumes less energy. Additionally, EPS can offer variable assistance, providing more help at lower speeds and reducing assistance at higher speeds for better road feel and control.
Some tractors use integrated power steering systems that combine electronic and hydraulic elements to provide precise control and enhanced functionality. This integrated approach may allow for features like self-centering steering, active steering response to changing driving conditions, and improved stability at high speeds. It could also contribute to the tractor's energy efficiency by reducing the hydraulic demands on the system.
Hydraulic systems:
Usually, the hydraulic system of tractor power steering consists of hydraulic pump, steering cylinder and hydraulic oil.
Steering gear:
Its structure includes worm gear, worm housing, ball screw, etc. The specific components may change based on different models and manufacturers.
Hydraulic Pump:
The hydraulic pump provides the power source for the hydraulic system by converting the mechanical energy from the tractor's engine into hydraulic energy. Normally, it contains gear pump, piston pump, etc.
Draining oil:
Drain ports are where the excess hydraulic oil is drained from the system. They help maintain the proper operating pressure and fluid balance of the hydraulic system.
Steering oil passages:
These passages are responsible for transmitting hydraulic oil to and from the hydraulic steering gear, allowing the flow and pressure changes of hydraulic oil.
The tractor power steering system maintenance methods include the following:
Regular inspection:
Regularly inspect the power steering parts, including hydraulic pumps, steering gear, oil pipes, etc. Check if there are signs of damage, looseness, or leakage, ensuring the good condition of each part.
Clean and lubricate:
Cleaning and lubrication of tractor power steering is an important routine maintenance procedure. Cleaning helps remove dirt and deposits, preventing clogging and damage to the system. Lubrication ensures even oil distribution and protects the wear of components.
Timely change steering oil:
Change the steering oil in time. First, consider the type, brand, and usage of the tractor. Second, refer to the maintenance manual to determine the appropriate replacing frequency. Regularly changing steering oil can keep the hydraulic system functioning well.
Adjust steering sensitivity:
Adjust the sensitivity of power steering according to the actual operating needs. Users can modify the assistance characteristics and steering responses of the system by changing parameters such as the fluid pressure and flow rate of the hydraulic system.
The hydraulic steering box for tractors offers various usage scenarios in agriculture and industry. Here are some of them:
Plowing fields with heavy tractors
During plowing, steering assistance is very important. Tractors are usually heavy and need to be powered by hydraulics. As such, they can easily steer while plowing fields with tough soil.
Preparing land with large tractors
Land that has not been cultivated before can be tough to work on. Large tractors with power steering can be used to easily prepare new farmland for planting.
Managing plantations with high-volume tractors
A plantation requires the use of high-efficiency farming techniques, which often means using large and high-volume tractors. These tractors sometimes cover large areas. Tractor power steering can help the driver cover more distance without becoming tired.
Farming with small but tough tractors
Rural farms can use smaller tractors to farm. Even small tractors benefit from hydraulic power steerings. A small tractor with hydraulic power steering will be cheaper than larger models with fuel-based power steering.
Proper functioning:
Before investing in tractor power steering parts, determining whether they are working properly is essential. Checking the smooth and soft steering movement is important. If the steering is somehow flimsy or difficult to turn, it indicates an issue with the power steering.
Fluid leaks:
People can examine the ground where the tractor has been parked. If there are clear fluid leaks, it indicates a problem with the power steering. The leaking fluids can be a yellowish, whitish, or red color.
Unusual noises:
Another essential thing to consider when selecting power steering is the unusual noises. When people start the tractor, they should pay close attention to the power steering. If there is squealing or whining noise, they should consider it a sign to replace the parts.
Steering wheel stiffness:
Over time, the power steering of the tractor may get stiff. Selecting the parts of the tractor power steering will ensure a smooth driving experience. With all of the signs mentioned above, people can easily find the exact cause of the steering problem and get it fixed as soon as possible.
Compatibility with brand:
People who run businesses should always look for steering that will match the brand of tractor they are working with. For example, the John Deere 4320 power steering will only work with the John Deere tractor.
New or used:
Companies that are looking to save money will want to choose used parts. However, new parts will provide better longevity and durability.
Q1: What are symptoms of bad tractor power steering?
A1: Common symptoms of a bad power steering system include fluid leakage, whiny noises from the steering pump, difficulty turning the steering wheel, vague steering feel, and steering wheel vibration.
Q2: What does it mean when power steering goes out?
A2: The term “power steering goes out” means the steering assistance generated by electric motors or hydraulic systems is lost. The driver will have a hard stiff steering wheel and find it difficult to maneuver the vehicle.
Q3: Can you drive with bad power steering?
A3: Yes, one can drive a vehicle with bad power steering, but it is not advisable. The steering will feel heavy and stiff, making it very difficult to maneuver the vehicle. It is best to have the power steering checked and repaired to ensure adequate steering assistance.
