Scroll saw

Types of Scroll Saws

A scroll saw is a machine that cuts wood and other soft materials in intricate patterns. Generally, it can be divided into four major types based on power source, design, cutting mechanism and blade attachment system.

• Based on the power source: The manual types are powered and operated by human hands. They are simple and affordable. On the contrary, the electro motor-driven ones are powered by electric motors. They are fast and efficient.
• Based on the design: The bench type scroll saws are small, portable and suitable for benches. They are good for home workshops and DIY projects. Stand-alone ones are tall and come with a standing design. They are suitable for professional use. The scroll saws with arm swivel-like feature may have a tilting table that allows for angled cuts. On the other hand, the ones with tilted table give woodworkers the ability to cut at specific angles.
• Cutting mechanism: The blade-attached ones have blades attached to a frame. The blades come in various types and sizes for different applications. On the other hand, the internal-cutting scroll saws allow users to make cuts inside a workpiece. They have a thin blade that threads through a pre-drilled hole, making it possible to cut out shapes that have internal voids.

Specifications and maintenance of a scroll saw

Scroll saws come with various specifications depending on the types and models. The essential specifications include blade length, throat size, voltage, as well as the oscillation and speed control.

• Blade length and size: The scroll saw blades also come in different sizes and lengths. Generally, the blades are finer with fewer teeth per inch. They range from very fine to coarse, such as 60 to 120 teeth per inch (TPI). The length of a scroll saw blade is the distance between the teeth of the blade. It varies according to the scroll saw model. It usually measures from 12 to 24 inches.
• Throat size: The throat size of a scroll saw is the distance between the back of the saw frame and the blade. It tells how deep a cut can be. The scroll saw's throat size allows the room for interior cutting. The throat size of a scroll saw will impact the size of the workpiece that someone can cut.
• Motor power and voltage: A scroll saw’s motor power is usually measured in horsepower. An AC motor typically powers it. An average scroll saw motor power ranges from 0.5 to 1.0 horsepower, cutting wood of different thickness smoothly. A high motor power will offer more cutting strength but won't be necessary for light and occasional cutting projects.
• Speed control and oscillation: The oscillating motion of a scroll saw enables the blade to move down and up vertically during the cutting process. It provides a smooth cutting action and reduces friction on the workpiece. The speed of a scroll saw varies from model to model. It is measured in strokes per minute (SPM) and typically ranges from 400 to 2000 SPM. Some scroll saws with speed control can go as high as 3000 to 4000 SPM. The speed of the blade allows workpieces to be cut at a faster rate.

When it comes to machine maintenance, it is always better to be safe than sorry. Therefore, it will be a good idea to schedule routine maintenance. Careful and regular maintenance of the scroll saw will keep it in good working condition for many years. It will keep it looking excellent and extend its life. Knowing what parts of a machine need maintenance is essential. It will also help to know which maintenance tasks are required and how frequently. Like many other machines, a scroll saw needs cleaning, lubrication, and periodic blade replacement.

• Cleaning: Before starting the cleaning process, one needs to ensure that the machine's power is switched off. A clean, dry paintbrush can be used to remove any sawdust or debris in hard-to-reach areas. A vacuum cleaner can remove any debris and dust collected on the table and around the blade area. Using compressed air will clear dust from the blade housing. Contrary to the regular brush, it is more effective and easier. As a safety tip, never use a vacuum while cursoring the blade more than its length.
• Lubrication: Lubricating the scroll saw Lubricate all moving parts of the scroll saw, including the arm, blade, and pivot points. It will reduce friction and help improve the machine's operational efficiency. Use a cloth to wipe off any excess oil.
• Blade replacement: A scroll saw blade needs to be frequently replaced to keep it working optimally. It will help to produce clean cuts with more precision and better control. Examine the blade for signs of damage, such as teeth chips or bends. If there are any, one needs to replace the blade.

Applications of a scroll saw

• Woodworking:

  One of the most popular uses for scroll saws is in woodworking projects. They are great for making curves and intricate cuts in woods that are gentle like pine, basswood, and plywood. Woodworkers and carpenters often use them for cutting decorative pieces, creating signs, working on furniture projects, and making toys.

• Crafting:

  Crafters of all levels love using scroll saws to cut different materials into various shapes and designs. This includes making jewelry, home decor items, personalized gifts, holiday decorations, and more. The precise cuts achievable with a scroll saw allow for creativity and customization in crafting projects.

• Hobby projects:

  Many people who have hobbies like model building, clock making, or puppet carving use a scroll saw. This tool is useful for cutting miniatures, creating elaborate clock faces, and shaping figures, among other detailed work required in these types of activities.

• Restoration and repair:

  When trying to restore antiques or make repairs, a scroll saw can be very helpful. It's possible to carefully match existing pieces so that the repairs blend well without ruining or damaging the item. Antique musical instruments, furniture, and stained glass are common areas where a scroll saw proves helpful during restoration projects.

• Education and training:

  Scroll saws are often found in schools or community workshops because they are easy to use and allow people to learn basic cutting techniques on various materials safely. Students can learn how to operate the tool properly before moving on to more complicated machinery. As a result, different classes related to carpentry, design, and craftsmanship may include lessons on using a scroll saw.

How to Choose Scroll Saws

The following factors are essential when choosing an appropriate scroll saw for specific cutting needs.

• Cutting Capacity

  It's important to consider the maximum throat depth and height of the scroll saw. The throat depth of a scroll saw is the distance from the saw blade to the vertical frame of the machine. In contrast, its height capacity refers to the maximum thickness of the workpiece that the saw can cut. For a typical scroll saw, its throat depth varies from 12 to 24 inches, and the height capacity is from 2 to 10 inches. To choose a saw with suitable cutting capacity, users need to determine the size and thickness of the workpieces they intend to cut.

• Type of Blade

  As previously mentioned, scroll saw blades vary in size and are designed to perform distinct functions. For example, skip-tooth blades are excellent for cutting softer materials, while finer blades work well for intricate curves and delicate cuts. For a business buyer, it is essential to consider the types of materials their customers usually work with and the complexity of the intended projects. It would help them to choose a saw that accommodates the most frequently used blade types.

• Speed Control

  The ability to control the speed of a scroll saw is a vital feature that plays a critical role in determining various types of material and cut quality. Scroll saws are designed to offer different kinds of speed settings, ranging from slow speed to high speed. Typically, a /” cut may require the scroll saw to cut at about 400 to 800 strokes per minute. A high speed may be suitable for harder and denser materials like hardwood, metal, and bone. On the other hand, a slower pace provides better control when cutting softer materials like foam or wood and also when making intricate and detailed cuts. Consider a scroll saw that has adjustable speed control. This feature enables the buyer to customize the tool's cutting speed to suit a particular project's requirements.

• Frame Sturdiness and Material

  The frame of a scroll saw plays a critical role in providing support and stability of the workpiece during the cutting process. It is made of various kinds of materials, like cast iron, steel, and aluminum. Cast iron material is heavy and offers great support and stability. It doesn't vibrate easily during operation, thus enhancing cut precision. When choosing the frame material, an application person should consider the stability and support required when cutting a particular material. He or she should also consider the stress levels exerted on the tool's frame.

Q&A

Q1 What kind of cuts can a scroll saw do?

A1 A scroll saw can make straight cuts, beveled cuts, curved cuts, Internal cuts, rabbet cuts, compound cuts, spiral cuts, and jigsaw cuts.

Q2 What materials can a scroll saw cut?

A2 A scroll saw can cut several materials, including wood, metal, plastic, and composite materials. Nonetheless, the material's thickness must be within the scroll saw's cutting capacity.

Q3 How safe is a scroll saw?

A3 Generally, a scroll saw is considered safe compared to other sound tools, but accidents can happen. Users can cut safely, wearing proper safety gear, securing the material, and following the manufacturer's instructions.

Q4 Do scroll saws have blades?

A4 Yes, scroll saws have blades. Nonetheless, unlike other machines that have large sound blades, the saw has fine blades that can be used to make delicate cuts.