Rear axle differential gear

Types of Rear Axle Differential Gear

A rear axle differential gear is a mechanical component used in vehicles to allow the rear wheels to rotate at different speeds, especially when turning corners. The differential gear reduces friction, prevents wheel slippage, and distributes torque to the wheels. Gear ratios range from 2.45 to 4.56 or higher. The higher the ratio, the more torque is delivered to the wheels.

There are three main types of rear axle differential gears:

• Open differential: This type of differential is the most common and is used in normal driving conditions. The open differential allows the left and right wheels to rotate at different speeds. However, it does not offer traction on slippery surfaces. The gear ratio of the open differential is between 3.07 and 3.73.
• Locking differential: The locking differential works like the open differential but can be locked to make the left and right wheels rotate simultaneously. The locking differential is used in off-road vehicles. It provides maximum traction on all terrains, such as mud, rocks, and snow. However, the locking differential can damage the vehicle when used on paved roads. The gear ratio of the locking differential ranges from 3.90 to 5.38.
• Limited-slip differential (LSD): This type of differential is a hybrid between the open and locking differentials. LSDs provide a balance between traction and maneuverability. The LSD partially locks the left and right wheels, allowing them to rotate at similar speeds but not completely locked. The limited-slip differential is ideal for sports cars and performance vehicles. The gear ratio of the LSD ranges from 3.20 to 4.56.

Besides the types of rear axle differentials, there are also various differential gears for different vehicle models. For example, 4.10 differential gears are suitable for trucks and heavy-duty vehicles, while 3.73 differential gears are used in cars and SUVs. Other differential gears include 3.55, 3.90, and 4.11 differential gears.

Specification and maintenance of Rear axle differential gear

• Check the lubrication

  Lubricate the rear differential regularly. Differential fluid is necessary for the smooth operation of the gear system. The fluid reduces friction between the gears, keeping them in good condition. The lubrication also prevents the system from overheating. Check the oil level using the fill plug. Always use the fluid recommended by the manufacturer. The fluid should be changed after every 30,000 miles. The new fluid will remove the old contaminants. The fresh fluid will also keep the differential in good condition. Ensure that the fluid is free of particles before pouring it in.

• Inspect the seals and housing

  Check the rear differential housing and seals for damage. The seals prevent the differential fluid from leaking. A damaged seal will cause a fluid leak. Low fluid levels will cause wear and tear on the gears. A cracked housing will also affect the differential's performance. Look for visible cracks on the housing. Remove the differential to inspect the seals.

• Check for strange noises

  A perfectly working rear differential should run smoothly. Loud noises such as grinding or clunking are a sign of damage. The sounds indicate that the gears are not meshing properly. They could also be a sign of worn bearings. The noises will get louder as the damage progresses. Stop the vehicle as soon as the noises are heard. Driving with a damaged differential will worsen the problem. It will also cause damage to the rear axle and tires.

• Inspect the backlash and gear mesh

  Use a dial indicator to measure the backlash. The backlash should be within the manufacturer's specification. A misaligned ring and pinion will cause a backlash. The wrong gear mesh pattern will also affect the performance of the differential. The gears will grind against each other.

How to choose rear axle differential gear

Before buying any of the bevel gears for sale, it's important to consider some factors. The differential gears are used in vehicles, so the first thing to consider is the vehicle model. The gear has to be compatible with the vehicle model and the make year. This is because different car models use different sizes and types of gears. For example, a Ford differential gear cannot be used in a Honda vehicle.

Secondly, check the gear ratio. The gear ratio is the number of times the pinion gear teeth go around the ring gear. It's important to understand that different vehicles use different gear ratios depending on their performance. For instance, a high-performance vehicle like a sports car will use a gear ratio of 3.55 or 3.73. This is because the car needs more power to pull the wheels. On the other hand, a towing vehicle like a pickup truck will use a low differential gear ratio like 4.10 or 4.56. This is because the vehicle needs more torque to pull the load. So, before buying the rear axle differential gear, consider the gear ratio that will fit the vehicle properly.

Also, think about the material the rear axle differential gears are made up of. Most of the gears are manufactured from hardened steel, while others are made from aluminum. Steel gears are more common and widely used because they are strong and durable. On the other hand, aluminum gears are lightweight and corrosion resistant. Aluminum gears are mostly used in electric vehicles.

How to DIY and replace rear axle differential gear

Replacing a rear differential gear is a complicated task that requires a certain level of expertise. It is advisable to seek professional help when replacing the gear. However, if one has the right mechanical skills, they can follow the simple guide below and replace the gear like a pro.

Tools needed for the job

• Floor jack
• Jack stands
• Socket set
• Wrench set
• Torque wrench
• Pliers
• Scraper
• New differential gear set
• Gear oil

Step-by-step guide

• 1. Start by jacking up the vehicle and placing it on jack stands for safety.
• 2. Remove the wheels and brake components to access the differential.
• 3. Use a socket and wrench set to remove the bolts holding the differential in place.
• 4. Lower the differential carefully and drain the gear oil.
• 5. Remove the old differential gears using the appropriate tools.
• 6. Clean the housing and install the new gears, following the manufacturer's specifications.
• 7. Reassemble everything in the reverse order and fill the differential with new gear oil.
• 8. Lower the vehicle and remove the jack stands.

Q and A

Q1: What is a rear axle differential gear?

A1: A rear axle differential gear is a mechanical component in vehicles that allows the rear wheels to rotate at different speeds, especially useful when turning corners.

Q2: Why do people want to buy a rear differential gear kit?

A2: People buy the differential gear kit for replacement or upgrade. Off-road enthusiasts and people with modified vehicles buy a gear ratio to improve performance in their specific use cases.

Q3: Can people buy a rear differential gear online?

A3: Yes, buying a rear differential gear is readily available online. However, buyers should do their due diligence and source reputable suppliers.

Q4: Can beginners handle differential gear installation on their own?

A4: It is possible to install the rear axle differential gear without professional help. However, due to the precision and expertise required, it's recommended to have a professional install it unless one is experienced in automotive mechanics.