Power steering pump kit

Types of Power Steering Pump Kit

There are two types of power steering pump kits to consider when placing a bulk purchase order, steering gear, and steering rack.

• Power steering gear

  A power steering pump kit with a steering gear is a type of power steering system mostly found in trucks and older cars. The steering gear transforms the spinning motion from the steering wheel into the side-to-side motion needed to guide the vehicle. It is connected to the steering column by a shaft. A set of linkages connects the steering gear to the wheels. When the driver turns the steering wheel, the shaft transmits the motion to the steering gear, which directs the linkages and moves the wheels in the desired direction.

• Power steering rack

  The steering rack is a component of the power steering pump kit that converts the rotational motion of the steering wheel into the linear motion needed to steer the vehicle. The steering rack has a rack gear that interacts with the pinion gear. The pinion gear is connected to the steering wheel, and the rack is linked to the tie rods, which connect to the vehicle's wheels. When the driver turns the steering wheel, the rotation shifts the pinion gear, moving the rack left or right. The movement of the rack pushes or pulls the tie rods, turning the wheels in the desired direction. The steering rack is more compact than the steering gear, which is why it is commonly used in modern vehicles that have a more limited space under the hood. The steering rack is also more responsive, making it a better choice for sports cars and performance vehicles.

Specifications and Maintenance of Power Steering Pump Kit

• Flow Rate

  The power steering pump generates a steady flow of pressurized fluid, allowing for smooth steering operation. The gallons per minute (GPM) or liters per minute (LPM) rating indicates the fluid volume it delivers. A higher flow rate ensures responsive steering, especially in larger or performance-oriented vehicles that require more assistance.

• Pressure Rating

  The pressure rating measures the force exerted by the pump on the hydraulic fluid. It is typically given in pounds per square inch (PSI) or bar. The pressure assists in amplifying the driver's effort, making steering easier. Different vehicles have varying pressure requirements based on size, weight, and intended use. A heavy-duty truck, for instance, will need a more robust power steering pump compared to a compact car.

• Mounting Type

  The power steering pump's mounting type is crucial for proper installation and compatibility with the engine. Common mounting options include bracket-mounted or integral mounting, where the pump is directly mounted to the engine block. The mounting type ensures secure attachment and alignment with the steering gear components.

• Pulley Size and Type

  The power steering pump is equipped with a pulley that drives the pump using a belt from the engine. The pulley size and type, such as v-belt or serpentine, are specified in the kit. The pulley size affects the pump's speed and, consequently, the steering assist characteristics. A larger pulley results in faster pump operation, while a smaller pulley leads to a slower pump speed.

• Reservoir Type

  The power steering pump kit may include a reservoir to store the hydraulic fluid. The reservoir type, such as integral (built into the pump) or remote (separate and connected by lines), is specified. The reservoir plays a vital role in fluid regulation and system pressure maintenance. It also serves as an air separator, ensuring optimal pump performance and longevity.

It is important to maintain the power steering pump to enable it to last long and function effectively. Here are some tips for maintaining the power steering pump:

• Regular Fluid Checks: Fluid level and condition should be checked regularly. The fluid must be at the recommended level, and its condition should be free from contaminants. Dirty or contaminated fluid can cause pump wear and damage over time.
• Seals and Hoses Inspection: Inspect the steering pump kit seals and hoses for any leaks, cracks, or wear. Replace damaged seals and hoses promptly to prevent fluid leaks and ensure a sealed system. Fluid leaks can lead to pump cavitation and reduced steering assistance.
• Power Steering Flush: Over time, the power steering fluid can break down or become contaminated, affecting its performance. A power steering flush removes the old fluid and replaces it with fresh fluid, restoring optimal pump operation. This service is typically recommended every 50,000 to 100,000 miles (80,000 to 160,000 km) or as per the vehicle manufacturer's guidelines.
• Filter Replacement: Some power steering systems include a filter that captures debris and contaminants, protecting the pump. Filters should be inspected and replaced at recommended intervals or when signs of clogging are present. A clogged filter restricts fluid flow and can strain the pump.
• System Bleeding: Air in the power steering system can lead to pump noise and reduced assist. The system should be bled using a specific procedure to remove trapped air. This ensures smooth pump operation and optimal steering performance.
• Power Steering Stop Leak: Power steering stop leak products are designed to seal small leaks in hoses, fittings, or even the pump itself. These products typically contain sealants that can flow into and fill small cracks or gaps in the leaking components. By doing so, they help restore the integrity of the affected part and stop or minimize the leakage.

How to Choose Power Steering Pump Kit

Before buying a power steering pump for resale, it is important to understand the factors that affect the choice of a steering pump kit. These factors are:

• The Vehicle's Make, Model, and Year

  Not all vehicles are designed to use the same power steering pump. Each vehicle is designed to use a specific power steering pump model. This is because the pumps are designed to work with the vehicle's steering system. Additionally, the pumps are designed to fit into the space available in the vehicle. Therefore, when choosing a power steering pump, ensure that it is compatible with the steering system present in the vehicle.

• Compatibility

  Besides the vehicle's make, model, and year, other factors determine the compatibility of the power steering pump. For instance, the pump must be compatible with the steering fluid present in the steering system. Different steering systems require different steering fluids. Also, ensure that the pump is compatible with the drive configuration and the steering system's design.

• Quality and Reliability

  Quality and reliability are important factors to consider when choosing a power steering pump. Quality pumps provide great service, are durable, and hardly break down. This prevents the hassle of replacing or repairing the pump frequently. Choose pumps from reputable and reliable brands that are known to provide quality steering pumps.

• Budget

  Power steering pumps are available at different price points. However, it is not advisable to choose cheap pumps. Cheap might be expensive in the long run. Therefore, choose a pump that is affordable but offers value for money.

• Installation and Maintenance

  Consider the ease of installing and maintaining the power steering pump. This is because, in most cases, pumps that are easy to install are cheaper and come with a DIY installation guide. Also, choose pumps that are easy to maintain and service. Furthermore, if the power steering pump is easy to install, it will save the user money on mechanics' labor costs.

How to DIY and Replace Power Steering Pump Kit

Replacing a power steering pump is a job that can be done at home with the right tools and mechanical knowledge. Before starting, it's important to read the vehicle's service manual. Here's a general guide on how to do it:

• Tools and Materials Needed

  New power steering pump, power steering pump kit, pulley removal and installation tools, serpentine belt tool, leak-proof container, ratchet and sockets, torque wrench, combination wrenches, 1/4 inch and 3/8 inch drive extensions, fluid power steering fluid, shop towels, jack and jack stands, engine oil and filter, funnel, and possibly other tools depending on the vehicle.

• Instructions

  1. Preparation: The car should be parked on a flat surface, and the engine should be turned off. The power steering fluid should be collected in a leak-proof container. The vehicle's service manual should be referenced for specific instructions related to the make and model of the car.

  2. Lift the Vehicle: The vehicle should be lifted with a jack, and jack stands should be placed securely to ensure stability.

  3. Remove the Serpentine Belt: The tension on the serpentine belt should be released using a serpentine belt tool, and the belt should be removed from the pulleys.

  4. Disconnect the Power Steering Hoses: The high-pressure and return hoses should be disconnected from the pump. Be careful, as some fluid may still be in the hoses.

  5. Remove the Pump: The bolts holding the pump should be removed, and the pump should be carefully taken out. It may be necessary to remove other components obstructing the pump's removal, such as the pulley, using a pulley removal tool.

  6. Install the New Pump: The new pump should be aligned in its place, and the bolts should be tightened according to the manufacturer's specified torque using a torque wrench. Other components should be reinstalled in the opposite order of removal.

  7. Reconnect the Power Steering Hoses: The high-pressure and return hoses should be reconnected to the new pump, ensuring that the connections are tight to prevent leaks.

  8. Reinstall the Serpentine Belt: The serpentine belt should be reinstalled on the pulleys, and its tension should be adjusted as needed.

  9. Fill the Steering System: The power steering system should be filled with new fluid according to the manufacturer's recommendations. The fluid should be filled until it reaches the recommended level, and any air should be bled from the system by turning the steering wheel from lock to lock.

  10. Final Checks: Before starting the engine, all hoses and connections should be checked for leaks, and the fluid level in the reservoir should be checked and adjusted if necessary. The pump pulley should be rotated by hand to ensure it moves smoothly and without obstruction.

  11. Lower the Vehicle: The jack stands should be removed, and the vehicle should be lowered from the jack.

  12. Test the System: The engine should be started, and the power steering system should be tested by turning the steering wheel to ensure proper assist and no unusual noises. If there are any problems or uncertainties during the replacement process, it's recommended to seek professional assistance.

Q&A

Q. How long does a power steering pump last?

A. The steering pump can last from 3 to 5 years. However, it can also last longer or shorter, depending on how users maintain it and the condition it works in.

Q. What are the causes of a power steering pump failure?

A. The main causes of power steering pump failure are dry running, dirty fluid, and cavitation. Other causes include wear and tear, overusing the steering, and a faulty drive belt.

Q. What does a power steering pump sound like when it goes out?

A. When the power steering pump begins to go out, it will make a loud whining sound. The noise can get louder when users turn the steering wheel. The pump can also produce grinding noise when generating insufficient pressure.