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Parallel Flange Channels are named differently in various countries owing to their distinct standards and nomenclatures. They are available in diverse formats to meet specific demands and preferences.
Parallel Flange Channel (PFC)
This term is used universally to mean any channel section that possesses parallel flanges. The channels are usually manufactured in diverse sizes, and the specifications for such sizes are based on the ISO (International Organisation for Standardization) standards.
UPE and UPA
UPE and UPA designations apply to types of parallel flange channels that follow the European Norm standards. UPE channels are designated as being equal in flange widths. In contrast, UPA channels come with a variance in flange widths and, thus, are suitable in the connection of steel members in a structure, where the load is shared asymmetrically.
Japan Standard (JIS)
According to the specifics of the Japanese Industrial Standards, the parallel flange channels are called 'double-sided flange channels.' These channels have a definite specification of dimensions and are primarily used in construction and machinery.
British Standard (BS)
Parallel flange channels as per the British standard are known as PF channels. BS has set channel dimensions that are widely used in the United Kingdom for construction and engineering purposes.
DIN Standards
The DeutschNormenInstitut specifies the parallel flange channels as 'Bogenstahl' and outlines the precise measurements required for these products. The Flange width of such channels is stated to be parallel to their height.
Finland Standards
In Finland, parallel flange channels are cited following the SFS standards. They are called 'Two-sided Flange Channels' and are widely used in their steel construction systems.
Swedish Standards (SS)
The Swedish Standard describes parallel flange channels as 'SJ-channels.' These standards were enacted to provide consistency in the manufacturing of these channels.
The parallel flange channels are classified into varying sizes, which are based on the dimensions that were internationally agreed upon. The commonly used sizes include 100PFC, 120PFC, and 200PFC. Variation in size means that each channel possesses a distinct width and height but maintains a standard flange width.
The most common material used to make a Parallel Flange Channel consists of structural steel. However, they could also be made of aluminum for lightweight purposes or stainless steel, which is highly resistant to corrosion.
The most widespread use of parallel flange channel UPE is within the construction industry. They are used to construct the frames of buildings, bridges, and other infrastructure. Due to their parallel flanges, they provide greater stability and strength to support load-bearing.
In machinery, PFCs are utilized to make components that require resistance to heavy stress and strain. The channels serve as structural bases or frameworks in numerous heavy equipment used in industrial plants.
In powerline transmission and communication towers, parallel flange channels are the prominent choice. Their strength and lightweight properties enable such structures to stay upright and functional even under extreme weather conditions.
In the shipbuilding industry, PFCs are applied in the construction of the hull and other structural components. The channels help in ensuring that the ships remain strong and reliable and can carry out their designated functions.
Railway systems also incorporate parallel flange channels. They are used in the making of supports, ties, and tracks. They provide the system with the much-needed rigidity and alignment for safe transport.
In warehousing and storage solutions, parallel flange channels are instrumental in forming heavy-duty racks. They ensure that the racks can support oversized loads without bending or deforming.
Dimensions
The most important dimensions of parallel flange channel beams include their heights, which range from 50 millimeters to 150 millimeters, and their flange widths, which range from 100 millimeters to 300 millimeters. They have varying thicknesses in the web and flange, usually stated as millimeters.
Mechanical Properties
The tensile strength of parallel flange channels is a function of the structural steel used in their construction and is usually within a range of 400 to 540 megapascals. Yield strength is denoted in the form of percentages, where elongation may reach as much as 20% when subjected to rupture.
Weight per Metre
The weight of Parallel Flange Channel varies, depending on the size. Normally, it ranges from approximately 10 kilograms per meter for the smaller sizes to about 40 kilograms per meter for the larger sizes.
Coating Options
Coating options for the PFCs include hot-dip galvanization, which is intended for outdoor or corrosive environments, or painting for less demanding conditions. These coatings prolong the life of the channels and protect them against rust and other effects.
Installation Guidelines
Ensure that the PFCs are first aligned properly before they are fixed using bolts or welds, as recommended by the structural engineering guides. Use appropriate machinery to avoid deformation, and make sure there is a proper joint between the PFC and neighboring structural elements for load transfer.
Maintenance Practices
Regular checks for corrosion or physical damage on the exposed Parallel Flange Channel should be performed. Any protective coating that is worn out or damaged should be touched up or replaced to deter rust. In addition, ensure that all joints are examined for signs of weakening or slacking over time.
In structural applications, a channel like UPE 100 can be used to support heavy structures and provide strength and stability. They are used in construction projects, such as buildings and bridges, where they bear large loads. For machinery, these channels provide rigidity and are used where strength is required to support mechanical components. For electrical transmission towers, PFCs provide lightweight support and stability; hence, they can be used in such towers. In the shipbuilding industry, PFCs are used because they resist bending and warping, thus maintaining the ship's structural integrity. In the railway industry, these channels provide strong supports for tracks and train systems. In storage systems or heavy-duty racks, PFCs are used to provide strength and keep the shelves from sagging or toppling over. Because of their adaptability and strength, PFCs can be applied in various industries.
The predominant material used to make Parallel Flange Channels is structural steel, which possesses high strength and is readily formable. For lightweight applications, aluminum PFCs offer corrosion resistance, which makes them ideal for use in marine and outdoor environments. Channels made of stainless steel are preferred for environments where the risk of rusting is high.
For large construction projects that require massive support, larger Parallel Flange Channel sizes are suitable. Smaller sizes are suitable for light-duty applications or where space would be limited. The height of the channel defines how much load it can carry vertically, while the width defines how stable it can be laterally.
The selection of Parallel Flange Channels ought to be based on the standards required by the PF channel manufacturing practice in one's country. These standards have specified dimensions, which help channel's performance in specific applications. Thus, PFCs manufactured under such standards are normally employed in structural design.
A1: A parallel flange channel is a steel beam with parallel flanges that are manufactured for various structural applications. Due to their load-bearing ability, they are widely used in construction.
A2: Parallel Flange Channels are widely applied in the construction of buildings, bridges, and frameworks, as they provide robust support due to their unique shape. They are also extensively applied in machinery and heavy equipment for structural components, as they have the strength to bear heavy loads without bending. They are also found in racking systems and storage solutions for warehouses, where they provide strong, long-lasting supports for heavy loads.
A3: Hot-dip galvanizing is one of the most ideal protective coating methods for a parallel flange channel. It helps create a protective layer of zinc for the channel to deter moisture and weather elements that would likely cause corrosion over time.
A4: To maintain the condition of the Parallel Flange Channel, it is essential that regular inspections be carried out to check for signs of rust or corrosion, especially if the channel is exposed to outdoor elements. In addition, any protective coating that has either worn off or become damaged should be touched up with anti-corrosive paint or replaced as soon as possible to prevent further rusting.
A5: The main advantage of a parallel flange channel in construction is that it is designed to carry heavy loads. Its shape makes it ideal for use in building frameworks, as it provides support both vertically and horizontally.
