Motorcycle hydraulic brakes system

Types of motorcycle hydraulic brakes

Motorcycle hydraulic brake system are used to convert kinetic energy into heat energy with the friction generated by brake pads on the brake rotors. Brakes are essential components of motorcycles that ensure the safety of the rider and other road users. There are several types of hydraulic brake for motorcycle, and they include:

• Disc brakes

Hydraulic brake motorcycle operate on the principle of converting hydraulic pressure into mechanical force through a calliper, resulting in the squeezing of a pair of brake pads against a disc or rotor that is attached to the wheel hub. The system is effective in stopping a motorcycle in different weather conditions and at high speeds. There are two common types of disc brakes, floating and fixed.

• Drum brakes

These types of brakes are rarely found in modern motorcycles. They operate on the principle of converting hydraulic pressure into mechanical force through a calliper, resulting in the expansion of brake shoes against the inner surface of a brake drum attached to the wheel hub. The friction generated during the process slows down the rotary motion of the wheel.

• Combi-brakes

Combi-brakes are a feature found on some motorcycles. They are linked brake systems that are controlled by a single brake lever or pedal. The system distributes the braking force between the front and rear brakes. When the rider applies the front brake lever, the braking force is distributed to both the front and rear brakes, and when the rider applies the rear brake pedal, the braking force is distributed to the front and rear brakes.

• ABS (anti-lock brake systems)

They are features found on some modern motorcycles. The function of ABS is to prevent wheel lock on slippery surfaces or during emergency braking. ABS works by sensing the rotational speed of the wheels using sensors. When ABS detects a wheel lock, it automatically modulates the brake pressure to ensure that the wheels maintain traction while slowing down the motorcycle hydraulic brakes system.

Specification and maintenance of motorcycle hydraulic brakes

Motorcycle hydraulic brakes system are made up of several components, each of which may have its own set of specifications and maintenance requirements. Here are some of them:

• Brake fluid

Brake fluid is what makes the hydraulic system work. It's a special type of fluid that can withstand high heat and pressure. Different types of brake fluids are available, such as DOT 3, DOT 4, and DOT 5. The brake fluid should be changed as recommended by the manufacturer to keep the hydraulic system in good condition.

• Brake lines

Brake lines carry the brake fluid from the master cylinder to the brake calipers. They are usually made of nylon or rubber and reinforced with metal. The recommended brake line size is 1/8 to 3/16 inch in diameter. Brake lines should be inspected regularly for damage, leaks, or cracks. Replace them immediately if any damage is found to prevent brake failure.

• Brake calipers

Brake calipers are metal parts that hold the brake pads and squeeze them against the brake rotor to stop the wheels. The piston inside the brake caliper is made of steel or aluminum alloy. The number of pistons in a brake caliper can be one, two, or four. Brake calipers should be lubricated periodically to ensure smooth operation. Also, the brake calipers should be inspected for leaks and the brake pads for wear.

• Master cylinder

The master cylinder is usually located on the handlebars and connected to the brake lever. When the brake lever is squeezed, it pushes the brake fluid through the brake lines to the brake calipers, which stop the wheels. The piston in the master cylinder is made of aluminum or cast iron. The master cylinder should be inspected for leaks and the brake fluid level regularly. Also, the seals should be replaced at the specified intervals.

• Brake pads

Brake pads are what actually provide the friction to stop the wheels. They are pressed against the brake rotor by the brake calipers. The material of the brake pads can be organic, semi-metallic, or ceramic. Brake pads should be replaced once they reach their wear limit. This is usually indicated by a wear indicator or a specified thickness.

• Brake rotor

The brake rotor is a metal disc that the brake pads squeeze to stop the wheels. It's usually made of cast iron or stainless steel. The diameter of the brake rotor is usually 180 to 320 mm. The brake rotor should be inspected for warping or excessive wear. Replace them if any damage is found.

How to Choose Motorcycle Hydraulic Brakes

When choosing a hydraulic brake system for motorcycle, consider the following:

• Type of brakes: Different types of brakes have different functions. For example, disc brakes provide more stopping power than drum brakes. Riders in high-speed areas will need brakes with more stopping power, whereas those in low-speed areas will need brakes with less stopping power. The number of brakes is also a factor. Motorcycles with one brake require a different stopping distance from those with two brakes.
• Motorcycle specifications: The motorcycle's weight, size, and type of tires should be considered. Heavy motorcycles will take longer to stop than lighter motorcycles. The tire type and condition also affect the stopping distance. Motorcycles with high-performance tires have a shorter stopping distance than those with standard tires. The stopping power is reduced if the tires are worn out or damaged.
• Riding conditions: The type of road and weather conditions will also affect the ability to stop. Wet, muddy, or icy roads have less traction. This increases the stopping distance. Riding down a steep hill increases the stopping distance.

How to DIY and Replace of Motorcycle Hydraulic Brakes

One of the most important parts of a motorcycle is the motorcycle hydraulic brake system. The brakes can stop the bike immediately in case of an emergency. Follow the steps below to replace a motorcycle hydraulic brake system.

• Tools needed:
• Wrenches (8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 14mm, 17 mm)
• Torque wrench
• Brake fluid
• Bleed kit (for bleeding the brakes)
• New brake pads
• New brake calipers
• New brake rotors

Steps to follow:

• Remove the old brake fluid from the system and clean the reservoir.
• Remove the old brake pads and calipers from the rotor.
• Remove the old master cylinder and brake lines.
• Install the new master cylinder and brake lines to the new calipers.
• Bleed the brakes to remove any air from the lines.
• Test the brakes to make sure they work perfectly.

Q and A

Q1: What are the signs of a brake system hydraulic failure?

A1: An oil leak and a soft or spongy brake pedal are signs of a hydraulic brake system. If there is a brake fluid leakage, users may notice a puddle or stains near the wheels. The brake pedal may feel soft, spongy, or go all the way to the floor if there is a fluid leak.

Q2: How long do hydraulic brakes last on a motorcycle?

A2: Generally, motorcycle hydraulic brakes system can last between 20,000 and 30,000 miles. However, the lifespan can vary depending on the riding style and maintenance of the motorcycle.

Q3: How can hydraulic brake problems be prevented?

A3: Maintaining the hydraulic system is essential to preventing hydraulic brake issues. This includes checking the brake fluid level and replacing it if necessary. Users should also check the brake pads for wear and replace them as needed. Regularly inspecting the brake system for leaks or damage is also important. By following the recommended maintenance schedule, riders can help prevent hydraulic brake problems and ensure the safety of their motorcycles.