Medieval shirt

Types of medieval shirts

Medieval shirts were the most common form of clothing during the medieval period. They were worn by men and women and were made of linen or wool. Here are some of their types:

• Short-Sleeved Medieval Tunic

  This kind of tunic is a short-sleeved medieval shirt that is usually knee-length for men and elbow-length for women. It is mostly worn over leggings or trousers and under dresses or cloaks. The short sleeves leave the arms free of any constrictions, and this tunic is used for casual occasions and work.

• Long-Sleeved Medieval Undergarment

  This type of shirt is also known as a chemise. It can be long and loose-fitting, reaching the ankle length. Ideal for both sexes, it is worn for modesty and as a protective undergarment. It has long sleeves that are rolled up to the elbows, and the material is usually linen, which absorbs body sweat and protects outer garments from body oils.

• Embroidered Medieval Blouse

  These blouses are often worn by peasant women and are usually adorned with colorful embroidery on the cuffs, neckline, and hem. They are of varying lengths, and some reach the waist, while others go down to the ankle. Because of the artistic embroidery, these blouses are a symbol of cultural identity and social standing and are often worn with a shawl or apron.

• Button-Up Medieval Shirt

  This shirt is a fitted shirt with a row of buttons down the front. It is typically knee-length and often worn with hose or leggings. The medieval button-up shirt is made of wool or linen and has both long and short sleeves. This shirt became popular in the late medieval period and was worn by men of all social classes.

• Patterned Medieval Garb

  Most patterned shirts have stripes, checks, or floral designs. They are made of more durable material such as wool or a wool-linen blend. These shirts are usually worn by the wealthy and are a sign of status and wealth. The patterns are often complex and require skilled weaving or dyeing techniques.

• Fitted Medieval Shirts

  These types of shirts became more popular in the later medieval period. They are tailored to the body's shape and size, and the materials used are wool or a blend of linen and wool. Fitted shirts are often worn under doublets or other outer garments and have both casual and formal uses.

Design of medieval shirts

Medieval shirts were basic but essential undergarments worn by both men and women during the medieval era. These early T-shirts were made of linen and came in various lengths, often reaching the knees or lower. Some had sleeves, while others were sleeveless. Simple and functional, they provided a comfortable layer against the skin and were typically worn by people of all social classes. They were usually white or natural in color, and sometimes, they would have been decorated with simple embroidery or lace.

• V- Neck Tunic Shirt: This design features a V-shaped neckline, often laced or closed with a small slit. The tunic is typically knee-length or slightly shorter, with long sleeves that may have cuffs tied with simple cords. The V-neck shirt was practical for everyday wear, providing comfort and ease of movement. The design was simple yet functional, often worn by peasants and laborers, and it allowed for versatile layering under armor or outer garments.
• Embroidered Medieval Shirt: Embroidered shirts include intricate patterns or designs stitched onto the fabric, usually around the neckline, cuffs, or hem. These shirts were worn by wealthier individuals, including nobles and merchants, as a sign of status. The embroidery could be simple floral patterns or complex geometric designs and was often done with colored threads or metallic fibers for more luxurious shirts made of silk or fine linen. These shirts added a decorative element to medieval clothing and showcased the wearer's wealth and social standing.
• Pirate Medieval Shirt: This design features a loose, billowy fit with an off-shoulder neckline, often elasticized or with drawstrings. The sleeves are also wide, typically 3/4 length, and may have ruffled cuffs. The peasant shirt is usually made from lightweight, breathable fabrics such as cotton or linen. The off-shoulder design gives it a slightly more casual and romantic look, making it popular for reenactments and theatrical performances. Despite its historical roots, the pirate medieval shirt has found its way into modern fashion, often worn as a statement piece or for themed events.
• Slit Neck Tunic Shirt: Slit neck tunic shirts are characterized by a small slit opening at the neckline, often accompanied by a few decorative buttons or lacing. This design was prevalent across various medieval cultures and was favored for its simplicity and practicality. The tunic shirt is usually knee-length, with short or long sleeves, depending on the season and occasion. Slit neck tunic shirts are versatile and were worn by both men and women, often layered under other garments. The design remains popular today for its timeless style and ease of wear.
• Peasant Medieval Shirt: These shirts were designed for functionality and comfort, often featuring a simple round or V-neckline, sometimes with a small slit and lacing. The sleeves were long and loose-fitting, providing ease of movement. The tunic shirt is typically knee-length or slightly longer, often belted at the waist. Made from lightweight, breathable fabrics like cotton or linen, the peasant shirt was practical for daily labor and activities. It was usually plain, without elaborate decorations, but some may have simple embroidery or stitching for added detail. The design prioritized comfort and utility, making it suitable for various medieval settings and events.

Wearing/Matching suggestions of medieval shirts

• Layering with tunics and outer garments

  Medieval shirts were often worn under tunics, providing an additional layer of warmth and comfort. For modern adaptations, layer a medieval-style shirt under a tunic or dress for a more authentic look. This layering adds depth to the outfit and keeps the wearer warm, making it ideal for cooler weather. Pair with leggings or fitted pants to balance the bulk of the layered tunic.

• Pairing with pants and skirts

  Medieval shirts can be paired with various bottoms for a casual and comfortable look. Men's medieval shirts, like the simple pull-over style, can be matched with jeans or cargo pants for a relaxed, historical-inspired outfit. Women's medieval blouses, often more fitted and stylized with ruffles or lace, can be paired with skirts or fitted pants for a more feminine look. High-waisted skirts can add a touch of vintage style while complementing the flowing nature of the blouse.

• Accessorizing for authenticity

  To enhance the medieval aesthetic, consider adding accessories like belts, which can be cinched at the waist to provide shape to a flowing blouse or shirt. A simple leather belt works well for both men’s and women’s outfits, adding an authentic touch. Footwear also plays a crucial role – opt for boots or simple sandals that were common in medieval times. For women, adding a cloak or shawl can provide additional warmth and a complete medieval look.

• Styling for special events

  For historical reenactments or themed events, authenticity is key. Choose a shirt that closely resembles the style from the specific medieval period one is interested in. Research the era's fashion, including the type of fabrics used, colors preferred, and any specific features like embroidery or lace. Wearing the right period-appropriate accessories, footwear, and additional garments like vests or cloaks can significantly enhance the authenticity of the outfit.

• Embracing a Bohemian style

  Medieval shirts and blouses, with their loose fits and intricate details, lend themselves well to a Bohemian-inspired look. For women, pairing a flowing medieval blouse with a long, tiered skirt can create a dreamy, festival-ready outfit. Add layered necklaces, bracelets, and a wide-brimmed hat for a complete Boho look. Men can achieve a similar style by wearing a simple, pullover medieval shirt with distressed jeans and adding a few rustic accessories like leather bracelets or a hat.

Q&A

Q1: How should shirts from medieval times be washed and cared for to preserve their historical authenticity and fabric quality?

A1: Medieval replica shirts should be hand-washed or machine-washed on a gentle cycle in cold water to preserve their authenticity and quality. Use mild detergent and avoid bleach to prevent damage to the fabric and any historical embroidery or detailing. Air dry flat to maintain the shape and prevent shrinkage. If the shirt has delicate embroidery, consider placing it in a mesh laundry bag before washing. Iron on a low setting if necessary, but avoid ironing over any embroidered areas. Regularly check for any signs of wear or damage and repair promptly to ensure longevity.

Q2: What were the common colors and fabrics used for medieval shirts, and did they vary by social class?

A2: Medieval shirts were commonly made from linen or wool and came in natural colors like undyed white, beige, or grey. Dyed shirts could be found in colors such as blue, green, or brown, depending on the availability of dyes and fabrics. Yes, the choice of fabric and color often varied by social class. Nobility could access finer fabrics like silk and a broader range of colors due to expensive dyes. In contrast, lower classes typically wore simpler, undyed, or less expensive colors and fabrics.

Q3: Were medieval mens and women’s shirts always worn tucked in, and what accessories were commonly paired with them?

A3: Medieval shirts were typically worn untucked, flowing freely over the trousers or skirt. However, this varied by region and period. Common accessories that paired with medieval shirts included belts, which cinched the waist and added functionality by holding pouches or tools. Shirts were also layered under tunics or gowns, which were sometimes further accessorized with cloaks, hoods, or head coverings, reflecting the wearer's status, occupation, and the fashion of the time.