Marching percussion instruments

Types of marching percussion instruments

Marching percussion instruments typically refer to the musical instruments played by a marching ensemble, such as a drumline or marching band. These instruments are designed to be portable so that they can be played while marching, and they often include a combination of melodic, harmonic, and rhythmic instruments.

Here are some common types of marching percussion instruments:

• Snare Drum: The snare drum is a key component of marching percussion. It produces a sharp, crisp sound characterized by the snare wires on the bottom head. It provides the primary rhythmic foundation and is played by snare drummers with sticks or mallets.
• Tenor Drums: Also known as quad drums or carriers, tenor drums are set of two to five cylindrical drums of varying sizes. They produce a deeper sound than the snare drum and are used to create melodic and harmonic parts. The tenor drums are played with specialized mallets and have a unique rolling sound that adds complexity to the ensemble's cadence.
• Bass Drums: Bass drums are large percussion instruments that produce low, thudding sounds. There can be multiple bass drums in a marching ensemble, each tuned to a different pitch. They provide the rhythmic foundation and depth and are played with large mallets.
• Cymbals: Marching cymbals are often used in conjunction with other percussion instruments to create crashes, accents, and washes of sound. They are played by marching drummers with mallets and can be used for rhythmic and harmonic purposes.
• Field Drums: These are similar to concert snare drums but are designed for outdoor use. They often have a louder, more projecting sound and may feature different tuning and construction elements to suit marching performances.
• Marching Timpani: Rarely used in marching ensembles, timpani or orchestral drums produce tuned, deep tones. They are played with mallets and can add a unique tonal quality to the percussion ensemble. Marching timpani are specially designed for portability.
• Electronic Percussion: Some marching bands incorporate electronic percussion instruments, such as electronic drum pads, triggers, and MIDI controllers. These can produce a wide range of sounds and allow for more sonic diversity in performances.
• Marching Cajón: A marching cajón is a portable version of the traditional cajón designed for use in marching bands or drumlines. It typically features carrying straps or handles, allowing percussionists to play the instrument while standing or moving. The marching cajón is equipped with internal snares and various tuning options to produce the distinctive bass and snare-like sounds characteristic of a cajón. This instrument adds a unique rhythmic element to marching ensembles, blending traditional percussion sounds with the mobility required for a marching performance.

Scenarios of marching percussion instruments

Drumline usually portrays the spirit of a sports event or a parade. The marching percussion instruments have several usage scenarios, as discussed below.

• Parades

  Marching percussion instruments are essential in parades. They help set the rhythm and create an energetic ambiance. The crowd gets excited and feels involved when they hear the beats. This is often seen in events like community parades, and national celebrations.

• Sporting events

  Marching percussion is common in sporting events, particularly in drumlines and marching bands. The instruments help create an exhilarating atmosphere that motivates players and engages fans. This is evident in football games, basketball matches, and other sporting events.

• Military ceremonies

  The marching percussion instruments are used in military ceremonies. They provide a sense of discipline, tradition, and honor. The instruments are played during military parades, memorial services, and other military events.

• Marching competitions

  This is one of the most popular uses of marching percussion instruments. These competitions allow participating groups to showcase their skill, creativity, and precision. The performances are judged on the accuracy, musicality, and overall effect.

• Cultural festivals

  Marching percussions are key components of many cultural celebrations. They help preserve traditional music and dance. Besides, they bring communities together. This can be seen in events like carnivals, parades, and cultural heritage festivals.

• Educational events

  Marching percussion instruments are commonly used in clinics, workshops, and demonstrations. These instruments help teach the technique, history, and artistry of drumming. The events are attended by students, educators, and enthusiasts who come to learn and appreciate the craft.

• Corporate events

  These instruments can also be used in corporate events. They help energize and entertain guests. The instruments are played during product launches, company anniversaries, and other corporate functions.

How to Choose Marching Percussion Instruments

Choosing the right marching percussion instruments involves several key factors. Here are some of them:

• Purpose and Type of Ensemble

  Establishing the ensemble's purpose and type is crucial. Different groups utilize various instruments. For example, a marching band primarily utilizes snare drums, bass drums, and cymbals. At the same time, a drum corps might include quads and unique percussion instruments. Knowing the target audience and use can assist in selecting the right equipment.

• Quality and Material

  The instruments' quality and material are also significant. For instance, maple drums provide warmth and a rich tone. On the other hand, birch drums are renowned for their bright and clear sound. The choice of material affects the sound and durability of the instruments.

In addition, the casing is critical for the instrument's longevity. Stronger marching percussion cases are more resistant to weather and physical harm.

• Size and Portability

  Consider the size and portability of the instruments as well. Larger instruments, like the bass drum, produce deeper tones but are more challenging to carry. Conversely, smaller instruments, like the snare, are easier to transport but may need more support to achieve a suitable sound.

• Customization and Accessories

  Look for customization options and necessary accessories. Marching snare drums, for instance, can be customized with different heads, sticks, and hardware to suit individual preferences. Cymbals and marching bass drums can also be customized to achieve distinct sounds.

• Budget

  Finally, consider the budget. High-quality instruments are more expensive but offer better sound and durability. At the same time, there are affordable but reliable instruments. Striking a balance between quality and affordability is essential.

Functions, features, and design of marching percussion instruments

Below are the features and design elements of marching percussion instruments.

Features

• Drumheads: These instruments make use of two heads, with the batter head receiving most of the impact and tuning adjustments, while the resonant head influences sound and sensitivity. The drumheads can be made from different materials like plastic and animal skin, but most are synthetic, with a coating that enables better sound projection. The drumheads are available in different thicknesses, and thicker drumheads produce a deeper tone with more durability, while thinner ones are more sensitive and tuned to higher pitches.
• Shell material: The sound and quality of marching percussion instruments depend on the drums' shell material. The shell is made from maple, birch, mahogany, Asian hardwood, or even aluminum, with each material producing a different tone. Maple is popular because it creates a warm and balanced tone, birch has a more powerful and focused sound, mahogany offers a deep and dark tone, and Asian hardwoods provide a good balance of warmth and power.
• Shell depth and diameter: The shell depth and diameter of the marching drum set affect the tone and projection, with deeper drums producing a more resonant and deep tone with increased volume. Shallower drums have a higher pitch and greater projection, making them easier to cut through a marching band's sound. Louder sounds are produced from larger drums, with the bass drums having larger diameters for a deeper sound and snares having smaller diameters for increased projection.
• Rims: The marching snare drum is equipped with triple-flanged hoops that increase the sustain and flexibility of the drum, while die-cast rims are heavier and provide more tuning stability and durability. Some rims have built-in reinforcement and tuning slots that allow easy drumhead adjustments during performances.
• Hardware: Marching drums are fitted with high-quality marching drum hardware, including tension rods, lugs, and brackets, that are used to mount the drums and withstand frequent transport and playing. Other features include rims with triple-flanged and die-cast hoops, along with air vents that release air pressure built inside the drum for better tone and sustain.

Functions

• Rhythm and pulse: The primary function of marching percussion instruments is to provide the rhythm and pulse that drives the music. The bass drums usually set the tempo with a steady and powerful beat, while the snare and tenor drums add complexity and variation to the rhythm. Together, they create a rhythmic foundation that keeps the march or performance moving forward.
• Melody and harmony: Although percussion instruments are not typically thought of as melodic, marching percussion instruments like the tenor drums and drumline quints can produce melodic and harmonic elements. The tenor drums, in particular, can be tuned to play melodic lines and harmonies, adding depth and richness to the overall sound of the ensemble. Tenor drums often have multiple drumheads, allowing for a wider range of pitches and tonal possibilities.
• Visual and auditory impact: Marching percussion instruments are designed to be both visually and audibly striking. The large size and shiny chrome finishes of bass drums and snare drums can create an impressive visual spectacle, while the deep, resonant sound of the bass drums can be awe-inspiring. The combination of sight and sound creates a powerful and memorable experience for audiences, whether on the field or in a concert setting.

Q&A

Q1. What are the major categories of marching percussion instruments?

A1. The main categories of marching percussion instruments are snare drums, tenor drums, bass drums, and marching cymbals. Additionally, there are also percussion instruments like the marching tambourine and the marching gong.

Q2. What are some of the key features businesses should look for in marching percussion instruments?

A2. Some key features to look for include the instrument's material, size, shell construction, drumheads, hardware, and tuning options. Also, look for quality instrument cases to ensure the instruments are well protected when being transported.

Q3. What materials are marching percussion instruments made from?

A3. Marching percussion instruments are usually made from quality hardwood, metals, and synthetic materials. For example, drums with wooden shells have metal rims and steel lugs, while cymbals are made from different metal alloys.

Q4. What is the difference between a tenor drum and a bass drum?

A4. Tenor drums are high-pitched drums that come in different sizes and are played individually or as a set. On the other hand, bass drums are large and deep-sounding drums that provide the rhythmic foundation in a marching ensemble.

Q5. What factors affect the sound of marching percussion instruments?

A5. The material and size of the drums impact their sound. For instance, smaller drums produce higher-pitched sounds, while larger drums have deeper-sounding tones. Other factors include the type of drumheads, tuning, and the material of the shell.