Flasher

Types of Flasher

A flasher is an important electrical component in a vehicle. Its main job is to control the blinking of turn signals and hazard lights. There are different types of flashers for various vehicles, and they include:

• Bimetallic Flasher

  This type of flasher is the oldest and most common type. It makes use of heat to operate. When current passes through the bimetallic strip, it warms up and causes the two metals to bend and touch each other. This completes the circuit so that current can flow to the light bulb. When the bulb heats up, it triggers the flasher to bend in the opposite direction and break the contact. This stops the current from flowing to the bulb. After some time, when the bulb cools down, the bimetallic strip will return to its original position and the cycle continues. The time taken for one complete cycle is called the time period, and it varies depending on temperature.

• Electronic Flasher

  This flasher uses electronic circuits to control the timing and signaling of the turn signals. It is more precise than the bimetallic type. The electronic circuit can sense the current flowing through the bulbs. If a bulb is faulty, the circuit will detect it and alert the driver. Also, it can adjust the flashing rate based on the temperature or the voltage of the battery. Some electronic flashers have programmable features that allow the driver to customize the flashing rate.

• Load Independent Flasher

  This type of flasher does not rely on the resistance of the light bulbs to complete the circuit. It uses a separate sensing circuit to detect the switch operation and trigger the flashing circuit. This makes it compatible with different types of light bulbs, including LED bulbs that consume less power.

• LED Flasher

  An LED flasher is designed to be used with LED light bulbs. Since LED bulbs draw less current than conventional bulbs, an LED flasher has a different electronic circuit that allows it to sense the lower current and activate the flashing mechanism.

• Hazard Warning Switch Flasher

  This is a specialized flasher that controls the hazard lights when the switch is activated. It is usually integrated with the hazard switch and works like an electronic flasher.

• Adjustable Flasher

  Some modern flashers come with adjustable features that allow users to set their preferred flashing speed. This can be useful for drivers who want to change the flash rate for different situations or preferences.

Specifications & Maintenance of Flasher

There are many different types of flashers available, each designed with its own specifications to serve various functions. Here are some general specifications:

• Current rating:

  Every flasher comes with its own current rating. This value indicates the amount of current the flasher can supply to the turn signal lights. It is important when choosing a flasher for any given application to ensure that it can support the required load without failure.

• Voltage:

  Flashers are designed for specific voltage systems. The most common in automotive applications is the 12V system. However, some specialized vehicles or older models may also use 6V flasher relays.

• Number of terminals:

  Different types of flashers have different numbers of terminals. Generally, they range from 2 to 5 terminals. The number of terminals and their function is important for the flasher's connection and compatibility with the vehicle's wiring system.

• Load capacity:

  The load capacity specifies the number of light bulbs or the total wattage of the turn signal lights that the flasher can handle. This value is typically expressed in amperes (A) or watts (W). Load capacity is important to avoid overloading the flasher, which can cause malfunction or failure.

• Flashing frequency:

  The frequency at which the lights flash, typically measured in flashes per minute. For instance, some flashers may have a standard frequency of 60 seconds per flash, while others may be 90 seconds per flash.

• Temperature range:

  Every flasher is designed with a temperature range that specifies the allowable operating and storage temperatures. This is important for applications in extreme weather conditions or high ambient temperatures.

• Durability:

  Some flashers are designed with specific features that enhance their durability, such as waterproof or dustproof enclosures, or resistance to vibrations or shocks.

It is important to note that different applications may require more specific specifications. Therefore, it is recommended to consult the manufacturer's manual or a specialist to select the appropriate flasher for each specific use.

The following are some general flasher maintenance practices:

• Regularly check the turn signals to ensure they are working properly.
• Check the wiring connections to ensure they are secure and not corroded.
• Clean the flasher housing regularly to prevent the accumulation of dust and dirt.
• Check the flasher relay for any signs of damage or wear and replace it if necessary.
• Once the bulb has reached the end of its service life, replace it with a new one.

How to Choose Flasher

When choosing a flasher, consider the following:

• Load Compatibility

  Select a flasher that is compatible with the load of the connected lights. For standard incandescent bulbs, a traditional 2-pin or 3-pin flasher is appropriate. If the vehicle has LED lights, an electronic flasher that can handle the lower wattage of LEDs is necessary.

• Voltage Rating

  Ensure the flasher's voltage rating matches the vehicle's electrical system, typically 12V for most cars and motorcycles. Using a flasher with the wrong voltage can cause malfunction or damage to the electrical system.

• Current Rating

  Select a flasher with a current rating that can handle the total wattage of the connected lights. The current rating is usually expressed in Amperes (A). For example, if the vehicle has 4x21W incandescent bulbs, the total wattage is 84W (21W x 4 bulbs). At 12V, this equals 7A (84W/12V). A 10A flasher would be suitable in this case.

• Terminal Configuration

  Choose a flasher with a terminal configuration (e.g., 2-pin, 3-pin) that matches the vehicle's wiring harness. Some flashers may require additional adapters or modifications for installation.

• Flash Rate

  The flashing rate of the indicator lights is essential for safety and legal compliance. Most vehicles have a flash rate of 60 to 90 flashes per minute. Some flashers allow adjustment of the flash rate to suit preferences or legal requirements.

• Quality and Reliability

  Consider the quality and reliability of the flasher brand. Look for products from reputable manufacturers known for their durability and performance. Reading customer reviews can provide insight into the experience of other users.

• Additional Features

  Some modern flashers have extra features such as hazard flash, programmable flash patterns, or built-in load resistors for LED compatibility. Consider whether these features align with specific requirements or desired functionalities.

• Price

  Compare prices of different flashers with similar specifications. While cost should not be the only factor, overly cheap products may indicate inferior quality. Strike a balance between quality and affordability.

By carefully considering these factors, one can choose a flasher that meets the vehicle's needs, ensuring correct and reliable operation of the turn signal and hazard lights.

How to DIY and Replace Flasher

Replacing a turn signal relay (flasher) is a straightforward process that can be done with basic tools. Here's a step-by-step guide:

• Gather necessary tools: Have a screwdriver and perhaps a pair of pliers on hand. The exact tools required may vary depending on the vehicle.
• Find the location of the flasher: In most vehicles, the flasher is located under the dashboard near the steering column. It may also be found in the fuse box or near the driver's seat. Consult the owner's manual to find its exact location.
• Access the flasher: Depending on its location, access it by removing a cover panel or simply looking under the dashboard.
• Disconnect the flasher: Turn it counterclockwise or pull it straight out, depending on the mounting style, and then disconnect it from the electrical connections.
• Prepare the new flasher: Ensure that the new flasher relay is compatible with the vehicle's electrical system.
• Connect the new flasher: Connect the electrical connections of the new flasher relay and install it in the same manner as the old one.
• Test the turn signals: Before reassembling any covers, turn on the vehicle and test the turn signals to ensure they flash at the correct rate.
• Reassemble: Once satisfied with the flasher's functionality, reassemble any removed panels or covers.

Q&A

Q: What is a flasher relay?

A: A flasher relay is a component in a vehicle's electrical system that controls the flashing of turn signal and hazard lights. It alternates the current flow, making the bulbs flash.

Q: What is the difference between electronic flasher and bi-metallic?

A: Electronic flashers use electronic circuits to control the timing of the signals, allowing them to be more efficient and compatible with different bulb types. Bi-metallic flashers are traditional and rely on heated metal strips to break, which is less efficient.

Q: What is a 2 pin vs. 3 pin relay?

A: A 2-pin relay is the most basic type, with one input and one output circuit. It serves a single function, such as switching on and off. A 3-pin relay has an additional connection for a holding circuit, allowing for more complex control functions. It is often used in applications requiring multiple actions from one signal, such as locking and unlocking a car's central locking system. The 3-pin relay can be used to control the 2-pin relay, enabling cascading functions.

Q: Can flashers be used in other applications besides turn signals?

A: Yes, flashers can be used in other applications that require intermittent lighting, such as emergency vehicle lights, trailer light signals, and motorcycle indicators.

Q: How does one know when to replace a flasher relay?

There are several signs that it's time to replace a flasher relay. If turn signals are not working, flashing at the wrong speed, or if the relay makes strange noises, it's likely time for a replacement. Additionally, difficulty in signaling or complete relay failure are clear indicators of a faulty relay that needs replacement.