Electric reefer container

Types of electric reefer containers

Electric reefer containers are categorized based on their type of refrigeration system, cooling medium, and temperature control system.

• Electric reefer containers based on refrigeration system

  There are two types of electric reefer containers based on the refrigeration system.

  Precedent reefers: They use a central electric power system to operate. They have integrated cooling systems that take up less space and are energy efficient. Their fans are also energy efficient as they use less energy to operate. They also have less airflow resistance, which ensures more airflow.

  SkyBreeze reefers: They use electric power to operate but can be powered by solar energy. The solar panels used are energy efficient and help reduce the ship's overall energy consumption. They also have energy-efficient fans that help reduce energy use. Their cooling system can be customized, making them versatile.

• Electric reefer containers based on cooling medium

  There are two types of electric reefer containers based on cooling medium.

  Vapour-compression refrigerated containers: These containers use a refrigerant that cycles in a closed system. They rely on mechanical energy to operate and move the refrigerant through the system. The refrigerant absorbs heat from the cargo area and releases it outside. The containers also have compressors, evaporators, condensers, and expansion valves.

  Thermal refrigerated containers: These containers do not use a power supply to operate. They rely on the thermal energy of the refrigerated cargo. The thermal energy controls the temperature of the perishable goods during transport. The containers are designed to insulate the cargo, maintaining the temperature for the entire journey.

• Electric reefer containers based on temperature control system

  Based on the temperature control system, electric reefer containers can either be active or passive.

  Active electric reefer containers: These containers have temperature control systems that use energy. They have heating and cooling mechanisms that maintain temperature within the desired range. The temperature is constantly monitored, and control systems make adjustments as needed to ensure the set temperature is maintained.

  Passive electric reefer containers: These containers have temperature control systems that do not use energy. They have insulation and thermal properties that help maintain the set temperature. Temperature monitoring is done, but no adjustments are made. The focus is on preserving the existing conditions without active intervention.

Specifications and maintenance of electric reefer containers

• Voltage supply

  Electric reefer containers are designed to operate on specific voltage supply.

  They are available in two variations: 208-volt and 380-volt electric supply.

  These containers have been constructed to handle fluctuations in voltage, making them more durable.

• Current type

  The electric reefer utilizes alternating current (AC) as the current type.

  AC current is suitable for long-distance transmission, which makes it ideal for shipping vessels.

• Power consumption

  Electric reefers are power-efficient. They have a power rating of 5.5 kilowatts (kW) or less.

  For 208-volt containers, the electric supply is 24 amps, and power consumption is 5.0 kW.

  On the other hand, 380-volt containers have 16.5 amps electric supply and 11 kW power consumption.

• Frequency

  These containers operate at a frequency of 50 or 60 hertz (Hz), depending on their design.

  Generally, 50 Hz is the standard frequency for most reefer containers.

• Reefer container size

  Electric containers are constructed in different sizes to accommodate various cargo volumes.

  The most common reefer container sizes are 20-foot (TEU) and 40-foot (FEU).

  20-foot electric containers have a cargo capacity of 28,000 kg and net volume of 30 m³.

  For 40-foot containers, the cargo capacity is 58,000 kg with a net volume of 60 m³.

• Temperature control range

  Electric containers are designed with advanced refrigeration technology.

  These containers have a wide temperature control range from -30°C to +30°C.

  This ensures precise and consistent temperature regulation throughout the cargo.

• Monitoring and control

  Some electric reefers come with advanced monitoring and control systems.

  These systems allow real-time monitoring of container conditions during transportation.

Maintaining electric reefers is important in ensuring proper container conditions, extending their life span, and preventing cargo loss. Here are some general tips for maintaining electric reefers.

• Regular inspections

  Regular inspections of the electric supply, container condition, and the refrigeration unit should be done.

• Cleaning

  Cleaning the interior and exterior of the reefer container should be done regularly.

  Special attention should be paid to the refrigeration unit to allow unobstructed airflow.

• Air circulation

  Proper cargo loading should be done to allow proper air circulation within the container.

• Temperature monitoring

  Temperature monitoring should be done throughout the transportation period using digital thermometers.

• Electrical connections

  Inspecting electrical connections to ensure they are secure and free from corrosion should be done.

• Maintenance schedule

  A maintenance schedule should be followed to ensure that all maintenance activities are done on time.

How to choose electric reefer containers

When choosing an electric reefer container, consider the following factors:

• Capacity

  The capacity of an electric reefer container is determined by its size and volume. When selecting a container, it is important to consider the business's storage needs. For businesses that have large shipments, a container with a larger capacity is ideal. A smaller container will be sufficient for businesses that have smaller shipments.

• Temperature control

  Electric reefers have temperature control features that allow precise and accurate temperature settings. When choosing a reefer container, consider the temperature control features as they affect the cargo's quality. The container should have functional and reliable temperature controls to maintain consistent temperatures throughout the journey. Additionally, electric reefer containers with temperature monitoring systems are ideal since they record and display real-time temperatures.

• Power supply

  Electric reefers require a power supply to run their refrigeration systems. Consequently, the containers are designed with electrical equipment to allow connection to a power source. When choosing an electric reefer container, consider the available power supply at the loading and unloading ports. Also, consider the power supply requirements of the container, such as voltage and frequency, to ensure compatibility.

• Insulation

  The insulation of an electric reefer container is vital since it affects its energy efficiency and temperature control. The container should have high-quality insulation to minimize heat transfer and maintain a consistent internal temperature. Additionally, the insulation should be durable and resistant to wear and tear. When choosing an electric reefer container, consider the insulation features and their ability to maintain the required temperature.

• Type of cargo

  Different types of cargo require different temperature settings and transportation conditions. For instance, perishables like fruits and vegetables need a consistent temperature to maintain their freshness. On the other hand, pharmaceuticals require a strict temperature range to maintain efficacy. Before choosing an electric reefer container, the type of cargo to be transported should be considered to ensure it meets the required conditions.

How to DIY and Replace Electric Reefer Container

There are different types of electric container refrigeration available, and each has its own installation process. Most manufacturers provide a DIY guide to help users install the containers easily. Below are general steps on how to install and replace electric reefer containers:

• 1. Select the site where the container will be placed. Ensure the area is free of debris, and level the ground.
• 2. Get the electric container refrigeration ready for use. Follow the manufacturer’s manual and set up all the necessary controls and parameters.
• 3. Prepare the electric supply and ensure all the electric cables are safe and undamaged.
• 4. Power up the container and set the desired temperature.
• 5) Once the container is powered on and the refrigeration system is running, inspect the electrical system, cooling system, and container structure to ensure everything is functioning properly.

Q and A

Q1: What is an electric reefer container?

A1: An electric reefer container, known as a refrigerated transport container, is a shipping container that can be electrically powered to maintain temperature control of its content. The electric reefer containers are used for transporting perishable goods across long distances.

Q2: What are the benefits of electric reefer containers in transportation?

A2: Electric reefer containers are essential for shipping delicate products that need temperature regulation. Electric containers provide a constant power supply to maintain the required temperature, ensuring the products' safety and quality during transport. The electric containers have a wide range of cooling abilities and are environmentally friendly.

Q3: How do electric reefer containers work?

A3: An electric reefer container has a built-in power receptacle that links it to the vessel's electrical system. The electrical system controls the refrigeration unit, allowing it to maintain the desired temperature for the cargo inside the container, irrespective of external weather conditions.