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A curl perm is a hair treatment that gives people with straight hair curly locks. It changes hair strands to hold new shapes better. The new curls can last for months. There are different kinds of curl perms. Here are some of them:
Digital Curl Perms
Hot rollers and special machines make these curls. The machines create the right temperature to form tight spirals or loose beachy waves. The curls look natural. The rolling process makes important changes to the hair structure so it can hold the new curly shape. The results can last 3-6 months. These perms work well for adding volume and movement to straight hair.
Alkaline Curl Perms
This type of curl uses a milder solution than other curl perms. The solution gently changes the hair's natural shape. After the hair is shaped into curls or waves, the stylist will apply a special neutralizer to lock the new shape in place. Alkaline perms are best for fine or damaged hair because the solutions are not too harsh. The curls from this perm can last 3 to 6 months before needing a touch-up.
Exothermic Curl Perms
An exothermic curl perm uses a special solution that heats up when it is mixed with air. This heating helps the solution penetrate the hair shaft better to create long-lasting curls. Like alkaline perms, exothermic perms also use a neutralizing cream to set the new curl shape. However, exothermic perms may provide stronger curls than alkaline perms.
Acidic Curl Perms
The acid in these curl perms works differently than an alkaline solution. It does not swell the hair shaft. Instead, the acid curls the hair on its own without swelling. Once the desired curl is achieved, a neutralizing cream is applied to stop the curling process. Acidic perms create tighter, more defined curls than other types. They can last up to 6 months before a touch-up is needed.
Spiral Curl Perms
Spiral perms create spiral or corkscrew shapes. Rods create the desired curl shape before the hair is processed with the curling solution. The curls look very natural. Spiral perms can add a lot of volume and movement to straight hair. However, they may take longer to apply than other types of perms.
There are several factors to consider when choosing a curl perm. Here are some of them:
Hair type and length
The type of hair and its length is a significant factor in choosing a curl perm. Thinner hair may need a milder solution, while thicker hair will need a stronger one to hold the curls. Hair that is longer will require a bigger roller to create larger curls, while shorter hair can use smaller rollers to create tighter curls. Knowing the hair type and length will help determine which curl perm will work best for the individual.
Desired curl style
The desired curl style is a significant factor that determines which curl perm to choose. Different curlers create other types of curls, ranging from loose waves to tight spirals. The hair length and type also influence which style looks best. For example, long hair may suit larger, more relaxed curls, while short hair can have smaller, tighter curls. Understanding the preferred curl style helps select the suitable curler and size for an appropriate look.
Products used
The products used in a curl perm will affect which one is chosen. Different solutions have varying strengths and chemicals that impact the hair differently. Some products are gentler, while others are more robust and can create tighter curls. Additionally, products are used after the perm, such as conditioners or treatments, that can affect the longevity of the curls or how the hair feels. Considering the products used helps determine which curl perm is best for the individual's hair needs and goals.
Expertise of the stylist
The expertise of the stylist is an important factor to consider when choosing a curl perm. A more experienced stylist will have a better understanding of the different types of curl perms available and how to select the right one for each individual's hair type, texture, and length. They will also know how to properly apply the curl perm solution and rollers to achieve the desired results and ensure the health of the hair is maintained. A stylist with more experience can also make recommendations for alternative styles or products that may work better for the client. Overall, a knowledgeable stylist can provide a better experience and outcome when getting a curl perm.
Prepare the hair:
Wash the hair with a mild shampoo to remove any product buildup. Towel dry the hair gently so it's damp but not dripping wet.
Section the hair:
Divide the hair into manageable sections using hair clips. This makes it easier to wrap the hair around the perm rods evenly.
Apply perm solution:
Starting from the ends, take small subsections of hair and apply the perm solution evenly. Be sure to coat each strand thoroughly to ensure consistent curling.
Wrap the hair:
Carefully wrap each subsection of hair around the perm rods. The tighter the wrap, the smaller the resulting curl will be. Use as many perm rods as needed depending on the desired curl size.
Process the curl:
Once all the hair is wrapped onto the rods, apply a plastic cap over the head. Process the curl under heat by either sitting under a hooded dryer or using body heat from the cap. Leave the hair to curl for the recommended time specified on the perm solution packaging.
Rinse and neutralize:
After processing, remove the rods and rinse the hair thoroughly with lukewarm water. Apply the neutralizer to the hair, focusing on the roots. Leave it on for the specified time to lock in the new curl shape.
Final rinse and dry:
Do a final rinse to remove any remaining neutralizer. Gently squeeze excess water with a towel. Then, air dry the hair completely before styling or separating the curls.
Patch test:
It's important to perform a patch test before using any new hair product, including curl perms. Apply a small amount of the solution behind the ear or on the inner arm and leave it for 24 hours. If any redness, itching, or swelling occurs, do not use the product as the skin may be sensitive to it.
Follow instructions:
Always adhere to the manufacturer's guidelines. This includes the recommended processing times and application methods. Using the product incorrectly can increase the risk of skin and scalp irritation.
Use a neutralizing solution:
Apply the appropriate neutralizing solution provided with the perm kit. The neutralizer helps stop any remaining chemical action and restore the hair to its proper pH level. Leaving the perm solution on longer than necessary can damage the hair and cause irritation.
Avoid heat styling:
Do not use blow dryers, curling irons, or hot rollers for at least 48 hours after getting a perm. The hair is still fragile, and the heat can further weaken the strands, causing breakage.
Moisturize regularly:
Permed hair tends to be drier than before. Apply a leave-in conditioner or hair oil daily to keep the locks hydrated and prevent frizz. This maintains the health of the hair.
A curl perm is designed to enhance or create curly hair. It does this by breaking and reforming the hair's disulfide bonds. The perm solution is applied to the hair, which then breaks the existing bonds that allow hair to hold its shape. The hair is then wound around curlers to achieve the desired curl. Another solution is then applied to reform the bonds in the new curled position. The curl perm creates a long-lasting curly hairstyle that can enhance natural waves or create tighter curls, depending on individual preferences and the technique used.
There are no special designs when it comes to curl perms. The design aspect lies in the customization and implementation of the curl perm technique. This involves selecting the appropriate size and type of rods or curlers to achieve the desired curl pattern. Additionally, the perm solution is applied in a precise manner to ensure even curling and consistent results throughout the hair. Some curl perm kits contain a rod or curler with a uniform diameter throughout, while others may feature progressively larger rods at the roots, such as the root-ends gradient rods, creating a more natural look by enhancing the curl at the roots and softening it towards the ends.
Q1: Does a curl perm wash out?
A1: The change in the hair's internal structure will not reverse the curl perms. However, the curls will relax over time as the hair grows. A curl refresher product or a re-perming can help maintain the look.
Q2: Can anyone get a perm?
A2: Anyone can get a perm. However, those with colored, highlighted, or bleached hair may be at risk of damage. A consultation with a professional will determine if someone can get a perm and what type is best for the hair.
Q3: What's better, a loose wave or perm?
A3: Loose waves and perms are great. A loose wave style will last longer and require less maintenance than a perm. However, getting loose waves may require frequent trips to the salon to change the hairstyle. Waves made with a curling iron can be changed to tight or loose in the salon with a single wave hair curling iron.
Q4: How should hair be washed after a curl perm?
A4: Do not wash the hair for at least 48 hours after getting a curl perm. The hair should be gently washed with a mild shampoo and conditioner after that. It's important to avoid heat styling, hair color treatments, and harsh chemicals for at least two weeks after getting a perm.
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