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A cnc trunnion table is a machine component used in CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machining. It is designed to enable precise positioning and rotation of workpieces in multiple axes during machining operations. The trunnion table is equipped with rotating and tilting mechanisms that allow CNC machines, particularly vertical machining centers (VMCs), to perform complex machining tasks on workpieces that require dynamic positioning. Workpieces can thus be machined on various angles and sides without manual intervention or repositioning.
The types of CNC trunnion tables are as follows;
Standard Trunnion Table
It is the most common type of CNC trunnion table. It is designed for 3-axis machining. The table incorporates a rotary and a tilt axis. The two-axis enable workpiece rotation and tilting at precise angles. This allows for the machining of complex geometries. This table is popular due to its versatility. It finds applications in industries like aerospace and automotive manufacturing.
5-Axis Trunnion Table
As the name suggests, this table is specifically designed for 5-axis machining. It is equipped with two rotary axes and one tilt axis. The three axes allow the workpiece to be positioned within a machine tool's cutting area. This makes it possible to perform operations such as milling, drilling, or grinding from virtually any direction. It enhances the precision and efficiency of the machining process. This trunnion table is mostly used in applications requiring high precision and complex part geometries.
Horizontal Trunnion Table
The table is characterized by a horizontal spindle orientation. It allows for the machining of parts that require horizontal cutting action. This is beneficial for applications such as heavy milling or when gravity-assisted chip removal is critical. The horizontal orientation enhances rigidity during machining. Thus, it makes this table a preferred choice for large or heavy workpieces.
Vertical Trunnion Table
Unlike the horizontal table, the vertical trunnion table has a vertical spindle orientation. This configuration is ideal for compact machining setups. It allows parts to be machined while minimizing the machine's footprint. The vertical orientation is beneficial for machining smaller parts. Additionally, it enables efficient removal of chips and coolant.
Hydraulic Trunnion Table
These tables utilize hydraulic power systems for operation. The hydraulic systems generate high force and torque. This allows for the efficient and smooth movement of heavy or large workpieces. The hydraulic-driven trunnion tables provide high stability and precision. This makes them suitable for applications in heavy industries such as mold and die manufacturing.
Electric Trunnion Table
These tables are characterized by the use of electric drive motors. The electric motors provide high precision and repeatability. Typically, they come with encoders for feedback control. This makes electric-driven trunnion tables suitable for high-speed machining applications. They are also more energy-efficient as opposed to hydraulic tables.
CNC trunnion tables are used in different industries. Their features vary according to their applications. Common features include:
Rotary Axis
All CNC trunnion tables have a rotary axis. It allows the workpiece to rotate on different angles. This feature is important because it enables the machine to make precise cuts and designs, especially in complex workpieces. The trunnion table can support both continuous rotation and indexed positioning, depending on the design.
Swivel Head
A swivel head is an important feature of a CNC trunnion table. It allows the cutting tool to move freely and access different angles. This ensures that the workpiece is cut or designed accurately. The swivel head increases the flexibility of the machine and reduces the need for tool changing.
Multi-Axis Control
Multi-axis control is an important feature of a CNC trunnion table. It allows the operator to control the movement of the workpiece in different axes. This ensures that complex workpieces are fabricated accurately. Multi-axis control increases the versatility of the machine, making it suitable for different types of workpieces.
Sturdy Construction
CNC trunnion tables are made with sturdy materials like cast iron or steel. This construction ensures that the table can support heavy workpieces. It also ensures that the table can withstand the impact of machining. Strong construction ensures durability and longevity of the machine.
High Precision and Accuracy
CNC trunnion tables are designed to produce workpieces with high precision and accuracy. They have advanced sensors and feedback systems that ensure the cutting tools and workpieces are aligned properly. This feature is important in industries like aerospace and medical devices, where precision is a necessity.
Easy Setup and Operation
The setup process of CNC trunnion tables is simple. They come with user-friendly interfaces that guide the operators through the process. They also have automatic tool changers that reduce the time taken to set up the machine. Easy operation ensures that less skilled workers can operate the machine efficiently.
The CNC trunnion table is used in various industries to improve productivity and machining precision. Common usage scenarios include:
Mass Production
Manufacturers produce a large number of similar parts in a short time. The CNC trunnion table improves the production process by allowing the machining of multiple sides of a workpiece in one setup. This reduces the need for manual intervention and workpiece transfer, improving efficiency and reducing cycle time.
Aerospace Industry
The aerospace industry needs precise machining for complex parts like turbine blades and aircraft wings. A trunnion table for CNC is vital for this industry because it offers high precision and stability. It also has the ability to machine parts with different angles and positions without re-clamping.
Medical Device Manufacturing
The medical device industry needs components with high precision and clean finishes. CNC trunnion tables are ideal for this application because they can machine complex geometries like implants and surgical instruments. They also ensure the production of medical devices with minimal human contact, which reduces contamination risks.
Mold and Die Making
Mold and die making involves the production of tools that require high precision and durability. CNC trunnion tables are used in this industry to create complex shapes and features in one setup. This ensures that molds and dies are made with the required accuracy and quality within a short time.
Automotive Industry
The automotive industry relies heavily on the mass production of components like engine parts, transmissions, and chassis. The trunnion table for CNC machines enables the production of these components quickly and efficiently. This is because they allow for the machining of multiple parts in one cycle, reducing production time and increasing throughput.
High-Volume Job Shops
Job shops that handle high-volume orders benefit from the efficiency and automation of CNC trunnion tables. These tables reduce the amount of time spent setting up workpieces and changing tools. They also allow for the continuous operation of CNC machines, which increases productivity and reduces labor costs.
When selecting a CNC trunnion table, consider the following factors to ensure the chosen one meets the required specifications:
Assess the Machine Compatibility
It is essential to check whether the CNC trunnion table is compatible with the existing CNC machine. One should consider the size, configuration and control system of the machine. Also, check if the trunnion table will integrate seamlessly with the current setup.
Evaluate Workpiece Requirements
Consider the size, weight and complexity of the workpieces to be machined. Choose a CNC trunnion table with a suitable load-bearing capacity and large enough platters to accommodate the workpieces. Additionally, ensure the table has the necessary features such as clamps and fixtures to secure the workpieces during machining.
Examine Precision and Stability
Look for CNC trunnion tables that provide high precision and stability. This can be done by checking the specifications and reviews of the manufacturers. Put emphasis on the tables with accurate positioning and repeatability. Consider features such as robust construction, high-quality linear guideways and reliable drive systems.
Check Flexibility and Range of Motion
It is important to check the flexibility and range of motion of the CNC trunnion tables. For optimal performance, choose a table with a wide range of motion. This includes a 5-axis table that can support various machining operations and angles. Also, ensure the table can accommodate different workpiece geometries and machining processes.
Consider Ease of Use and Programming
When choosing a CNC trunnion table, it is important to consider ease of use and programming capabilities. Look for tables that come with user-friendly interfaces and comprehensive programming support. This simplifies the operation and maximizes the machining efficiency.
Assess After-Sales Support and Training
Select a reliable supplier who offers quality customer support and training. This helps to maximize the trunnion table capabilities. It is also important to consider the quality of the training provided and ensure it is satisfactory.
Q1. What are the main components of a CNC trunnion table?
A1. The main components of a CNC trunnion table include a rotating table, tilting mechanism, support frame, base plate, locking system, sensors, and control interface.
Q2. How does a CNC trunnion work?
A2. A CNC trunnion table works by rotating the workpiece around the vertical axis and tilting it along the horizontal axis, thus allowing the machine to position the cutting tool at various angles for precise machining.
Q3. What is the spindle in a CNC machine?
A3. The spindle is a crucial part of the CNC machine responsible for holding and rotating the cutting tool during the machining process. It is considered the heart of the CNC because, without it, no work can be done.
Q4. What is a 5-axis CNC machine?
A4. A 5-axis CNC machine is a type of CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machine tool that can move the cutting tool or workpiece in five different axes simultaneously. This capability allows for more complex and precise machining of parts, especially those with intricate shapes or angles that are difficult to achieve with machines having fewer axes. The five axes usually include the standard three axes (X, Y, and Z) found in 3-axis machines, as well as two additional axes that enable rotary movement. These machines are commonly used in advanced manufacturing industries, such as aerospace, automotive, and medical device production, where precision and complexity are required. The 5-axis machining can be continuous or coordinated, depending on the specific requirements of the machining task.
