Car gearbox

Types of Car Gearbox

A car gearbox is a mechanical device used to change the speed and torque of a vehicle. It is one of the most important components of the car drive train. Car gearboxes are available in several types, including:

• Manual Transmission Gearbox

  Manual transmission gearboxes, also known as ''stick shifts'' or ''standard transmissions'', are the oldest and simplest types of gearboxes. They typically have 3 to 7 forward gears and 1 reverse gear. A manual transmission allows the driver to have total control of the car's power. It consists of a gear stick, a clutch pedal, and a friction clutch. The driver must use the clutch pedal with their left foot to disconnect the engine from the wheels before changing gears with the gear stick using their right hand. This type of gearbox provides a direct connection between the driver and the car, enhancing performance and control. As a result, manual gearboxes are commonly found in sports cars and affordable cars.

• Automatic Transmission Gearbox

  Automatic transmission gearboxes are the most common type of gearbox found in modern cars. With this gearbox, the driver doesn't have to use the clutch pedal or change gears manually. The automatic transmission uses a torque converter or dual-clutch system to change gears automatically, depending on the vehicle's speed. The driver controls the vehicle using the accelerator and brake pedals. The absence of a clutch pedal and gear stick makes driving easier, especially in stop-and-go traffic. Automatic transmissions are available in 2 main types: 4-speed and 6-speed transmissions. The 4-speed transmission has 4 gear ratios: Park (P), Reverse (R), Neutral (N), and Drive (D). The 6-speed transmission has 6 gear ratios: P, R, N, D, Sport (S), and Manual (M). The Sport mode allows the driver to change gears manually using paddles on the steering wheel or buttons on the gear stick. The Manual mode allows the driver to change gears manually. This provides the driver with more control over gear shifts. Automatic transmissions are suitable for luxury cars, SUVs, and trucks.

• Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT)

  A continuously variable transmission (CVT) is a type of automatic transmission. Instead of fixed gears, it uses 2 variable-width pulleys and a belt to provide a seamless range of gear ratios. As a result, the CVT can adjust the engine's RPM to match the speed of the vehicle without any delay. This enhances fuel efficiency and provides a smooth driving experience. CVTs are commonly used in hybrid cars, small cars, and budget cars.

• Dual-Clutch Transmission (DCT)

  A dual-clutch transmission (DCT) is another type of automatic transmission. It uses 2 separate clutches for odd and even gears, providing faster gear shifts and improved performance. The DCT offers a balance between comfort and control, making it popular in sports cars and performance-oriented vehicles. Some DCTs come with paddle shifters, allowing the driver to change gears manually.

Specification & Maintenance of Car Gearbox

Specifications for gearboxes vary depending on the type and design. Here are some common specifications for gearboxes:

• Gear ratios:

  Gear ratios are the number of teeth on the gears in the system. The primary ratio determines the gearbox's torque and speed. For example, a higher gear ratio in a manual transmission results in slower vehicle speed but with more power and torque.

• Number of gears:

  Different gearboxes have different numbers of gears. For instance, some automatic gearboxes have up to 10 gears. In contrast, manual gearboxes may have 5 or 6 gears. More gears in a gearbox result in smoother acceleration and better fuel efficiency.

• Gear material:

  The material used to make car gears impacts the gearbox's durability and strength. Steel and aluminum are some common materials used in gear manufacturing. Steel is more durable than aluminum, making it a preferred material for high-torque applications.

• Gearbox size:

  The gearbox size is determined by the power and torque it requires. Larger gearboxes can handle higher torque and power compared to smaller gearboxes.

• Lubrication system:

  Proper lubrication is vital for reducing friction between gears. Consequently, gearboxes have different lubrication systems for smooth gear function. For example, some gearboxes use oil pumps for lubrication, while others depend on oil splashes.

Car gearbox maintenance is essential for a well-functioning transmission system. Here are some maintenance tips:

• Regular oil changes:

  Gearbox oil changes are vital for automatic and manual gearboxes. Regular oil changes remove dirt and debris that can damage the gearbox. Additionally, fresh oil keeps the gears lubricated, ensuring they function well.

• Check the fluid level:

  Monitoring fluid levels is critical for automatic gearboxes. Low fluid levels result in gearbox damage. Therefore, maintenance involves ensuring the fluid levels are at the recommended level.

• Inspect and replace filters:

  Automatic gearboxes come with filters that need inspection. Dirty filters reduce the efficiency of the gearbox. As such, maintenance involves replacing the filters after a specified duration or when the filters are dirty.

• Avoid overheating:

  Overheating is detrimental to the gearbox. Therefore, avoid driving in high gears on steep roads. Additionally, there should be no excessive load when towing.

• Professional inspections:

  Periodic professional inspections can detect potential gearbox issues. Moreover, experts have the right tools to inspect and maintain gearboxes.

How to Choose a Car Gearbox

When buying gearboxes for resale, several factors need to be considered to meet customer needs and preferences. These factors include:

• Types of car gearboxes

  Customers will have a particular type of gearbox in mind depending on the vehicles they drive. Stock a manual, automatic, semi-automatic and CVT gearboxes to cater to various clientele.

• Vehicle compatibility

  Gearboxes are designed for specific vehicle models. When choosing gearboxes, ensure they are suitable for different car models to give customers a range of options.

• Quality and durability

  Focus on supplying durable gearboxes that will serve customers for a long time. The durability of the gearbox is determined by the material used to make it. Choose gearboxes made of high-quality and robust material.

• Brand reputation

  Some customers will be loyal to certain gearbox brands. It is important to choose a supplier that stocks gearboxes from various reputable brands to cater to different customers' preferences.

• Cost and warranty

  Most clients will look at the cost first before making any purchases. As a reseller, it's important to compare prices from various suppliers and choose affordable gearboxes. Remember to check if the supplier offers a warranty for the products they sell.

How to DIY and Replace Car Gearbox

Car gearbox replacement is a complex task. It is important for car owners to have the right knowledge before attempting to replace a gearbox. Here is a simple guide on how to replace a car gearbox:

First, ensure that the new gearbox is compatible with the car.

• 1. Park the car in a safe and level working area.
• 2. Engage the handbrake and chock the wheels.
• 3. Lift the car using a jack and place it on axle stands.
• 4. Disconnect the car battery.
• 5. Depending on the car model, remove the gear stick and gaiter.
• 6. Drain the gearbox oil.
• 7. Lift the car and secure it on axle stands.
• 8. Start by removing the driveshafts and the wheels.
• 9. Remove the sections of the exhaust system that are connected to the gearbox.
• 10. Disconnect the gearbox cooling lines.
• 11. Place a jack under the gearbox and unbolt it from the chassis.
• 12. With the help of an assistant, lower the new gearbox onto the support.
• 13. Secure the new gearbox onto the gearbox support.
• 14. Reconnect the cooling lines and the exhaust system.
• 15. Refit the driveshafts and wheels.
• 16. Refill the new gearbox with oil.
• 17. Reconnect the battery and start the car to test the new gearbox.

FAQ

Is gearbox oil change necessary?

What happens if the gearbox oil is not changed?

If the gearbox oil is not changed, it can lead to increased friction, wear and tear of the gears, and ultimately gearbox failure, resulting in expensive repairs or replacement.

Is a manual gearbox more reliable than an automatic gearbox?

Manual gearboxes are often perceived as more reliable because of their simpler design. However, modern automatic gearboxes are designed to be reliable when maintained properly.