Blank cast camshaft

Types of Blank Cast Camshaft

A blank cast camshaft is a vital part of a car’s engine that controls the timing of valve opening and closing. It is used in various types of engines, ranging from petrol to diesel and hybrid engines. Here are the different types of blank cast camshafts.

• Single Overhead Camshaft (SOHC)

  The single overhead camshaft is an engine with a camshaft mounted on top of the cylinder head. This type of camshaft controls both the intake and exhaust valves. The SOHC is popular for its simplicity and low manufacturing costs. Nevertheless, it has limited performance and requires frequent valve clearance adjustments.

• Double Overhead Camshaft (DOHC)

  The double overhead camshaft is an engine with two camshafts on each cylinder head. One camshaft controls the intake valves, while the other controls the exhaust valves. The DOHC is suitable for high-performance engines since it provides better valve control and allows for higher engine speeds. This results in better combustion, thus improving the engine's performance.

• Flathead camshaft

  This is a type of camshaft used in older engines. The flathead camshaft is cast in a way that suits engines with the cylinder block. In this case, the cylinders are situated on the side of the block rather than on the head. Flathead camshafts are not popular today since they are inefficient.

• Pushrod camshaft

  The pushrod camshaft is a type of blank cast camshaft used in older engines. Instead of having valves controlled directly by rockers on the camshaft, the pushrod system is used. The camshaft is located at a depth in the engine block, and a set of pushrods and rocker arms are used to operate the valves.

Specification and maintenance of blank cast camshaft

Specifications of blank cast camshafts are important for buyers so that they can know which type suits their intended applications or customers' needs. Here are some key specifications to look out for:

• Material

  The material used to make a blank cast camshaft affects its wear resistance and strength. It should be a durable material to ensure the camshaft lasts long. Cast iron is one of the common materials used to make a blank cast camshaft.

• Engine type

  Some blank cast camshafts are designed for specific engine types. For instance, an Ls camshaft is suitable for an Ls engine, which is an internal combustion engine that burns fuel, mostly gasoline, to power the vehicle. However, other camshafts are made for diesel engines, which use diesel to power the vehicle.

• Hardness

  The hardness of a blank cast camshaft is measured using the Rockwell scale. It affects the wear resistance and the lifespan of the camshaft. Buyers can get a camshaft with a hardness rating of about 45 to 55 HRC.

• Size

  Buyers need to consider the size of the blank cast camshaft before purchasing it. The camshaft should have the right size to fit into the engine. It should also match the intended applications, whether it is for high-performance vehicles or normal daily drives. Larger camshafts are suitable for high-performance applications.

• Lift and duration

  Lift is the maximum height the valve reaches, while duration is the time the valve stays open. These specifications affect the engine's airflow. A blank cast camshaft with high lift and long duration is suitable for high-performance engines.

Maintaining a blank cast camshaft is important to ensure it has a prolonged lifespan and optimal performance. Here are some maintenance tips:

• Regular oil changes: Oil lubricates the camshaft so that it can rotate smoothly without grinding against other engine parts. However, the oil should be changed according to the manufacturer's recommendations. This ensures the camshaft is well lubricated and reduces wear and tear.
• Use recommended oil: Users should use the oil recommended by the camshaft manufacturer. This ensures the camshaft is well lubricated, and the viscosity of the oil remains unchanged.
• Use quality parts: Users of blank cast camshafts should use quality timing sets, lifters, and pushrods. This ensures there is no failure or wear that can damage the camshaft.
• Regular inspections: Users should regularly inspect the blank cast camshaft for signs of wear, corrosion, or damage. If there is any damage, the user should address the problem immediately to prevent further damage to the camshaft.
• Follow break-in procedures: When a blank cast camshaft is new, users should follow the manufacturer's break-in period. This increases the lifespan of the camshaft.

How to choose blank cast camshaft

Here are several factors people need to consider when choosing a blank cast camshaft.

• Engine type and configuration

  Buyers should consider their engine type and configuration when choosing a blank cast camshaft. This is because camshafts are designed to match different engine types, such as inline, V-type, or flat engines. They should also consider the engine's specifications, such as cylinder head design, intake and exhaust configuration, and engine size, to choose a camshaft that will suit their needs.

• Purpose and application

  People should consider the purpose and application of the engine using the blank cast camshaft. Is the engine used for daily driving, towing heavy loads, or racing and high-performance applications? Different camshaft profiles are suited for various purposes. For example, a camshaft with a more aggressive profile may be suitable for racing applications but can result in rough idling and poor low-end torque for street or general-purpose use.

• Lift and duration

  Lift and duration are essential factors to consider when selecting a blank cast camshaft. Lift refers to how far the valve is opened, while duration refers to how long the valve is kept open. A camshaft with higher lift and longer duration can improve airflow and increase engine performance. However, the lift and duration should match the engine type and configuration to avoid clearance issues or piston-venturi interference.

• Lobe separation angle

  Buyers should consider the lobe separation angle (LSA) when choosing a blank cast camshaft. The LSA affects the engine's power characteristics and the intake and exhaust valve interaction. A camshaft with a wider LSA provides a more broad and stable power band, while a narrower LSA results in a more peaky power band. The LSA should match the intended use and performance characteristics of the engine.

• Quality and material

  Buyers must choose a high-quality blank cast camshaft to ensure durability and reliable engine performance. The material used to manufacture the camshaft can affect its quality and performance. Cast iron is a common material for blank cast camshafts because of its strength and wear resistance. Some high-performance camshafts are made of steel or other alloy materials for increased durability under extreme conditions.

How to DIY and Replace Blank Cast Camshaft

It is advisable to have a trained and experienced mechanic replace a camshaft. This is because, to replace the camshaft, the mechanic will have to disassemble a good part of the engine. However, it is possible to replace a camshaft with the right tools and technical knowledge about engine parts and functionality.

Here are the steps on how to replace a blank cast camshaft:

• Prepare the Vehicle

  Turn off the vehicle and ensure it is parked on a level ground with parking brakes engaged. Disconnect the battery and ensure the ignition system is disabled. After doing these, the technician can start working on the vehicle.

• Access the Camshaft

  The technician should drain the engine coolant and oil and remove the necessary components, such as the intake and exhaust manifolds, valve covers, timing belt/chain, and oil pan. After this, the technician can easily access the camshaft.

• Remove the Old Camshaft

  Before removing the old camshaft, the technician should make sure the engine is at Top Dead Center (TDC) on the cylinder with the highest compression. After confirming the engine is at TDC, the mechanic should remove the camshaft position sensor, spring pins, and retainers. Then, the mechanic can pull out the old camshaft.

• Install the New Camshaft

  The mechanic should lubricate the new camshaft using clean engine oil. Then, carefully align it with the engine’s bearings and the timing system, following the manufacturer’s specifications. After this, the technician should re-install the spring pins and retainers and ensure they are well fitted.

• Reassemble the Engine

  All other components previously removed should be re-installed. This includes the oil pan, timing belt/chain, valve covers, exhaust and intake manifolds, and ignition system. After this, the technician should refill the engine with clean oil and new coolant.

• Final Checks

  Before starting the engine, the mechanic should double-check all components and systems to ensure everything is well fitted and there are no leaks. Then, the engine can be started and allowed to run for a few minutes. While it runs, the technician should observe for any unusual sounds or error codes.

Q and A

Q1: Are cast camshafts good?

A1: Engineers usually consider the vehicle's intended use when deciding whether a cast camshaft is appropriate. A cast camshaft may work well in applications where cost is a more significant factor, such as in fleet vehicles or basic transportation. For most buyers, the pros and cons of camshaft material boil down to the intended use and budget.

Q2: What are the benefits of a cast camshaft?

A2: The benefits of a blank cast camshaft are similar to any other camshaft material. A well-made camshaft can improve the engine's performance, fuel efficiency, and emissions. The gains depend on the grind, which is the profile of the lobes on the camshaft. Camshafts are usually ground to increase airflow into and out of the engine's cylinders. This allows the engine to run better at high speeds.

Q3: What is the difference between a cast and forged camshaft?

A3: A forged camshaft is more durable than a cast one, which is more appropriate for low-budget or less demanding applications. Manufacturers use forged steel to produce camshafts. The process of forging steel results in a stronger and more durable material. The difference in strength between a forged and a blank cast camshaft is like that between a steel and a fiberglass fishing rod.

Q4: How long does a camshaft last?

A4: A camshaft can last anywhere from 60,000 to 100,000 miles or more, depending on factors such as material, engine type, maintenance, and driving conditions.