Auger coal mining machine

Types of auger coal mining machines

An auger coal mining machine is primarily used for the extraction of coal from the earth and is based on a screw mechanism. It consists of a large drill shaped like a screw with a shaft and circular flights wrapped around it. The auger drill is moved into the coal seam through horizontal holes. As it rotates, the coal is dislodged and is then transported through the flights to the rear of the drill where it drops or is conveyed away through a coal conveyor to the extraction point.

Some of the commonly known types of coal auger mining machines are as follows:

• Single Auger :

  The simplest form of an auger is the single auger. It uses a single screw-shaped drilling mechanism to extract coal from the earth. The drilling process of a single augers is straightforward. As the coal seam is drilled into, the extracted coal is then transported by the same auger to the surface.

• Spiral Coal Auger:

  The spiral auger mining machine has a coiled shape and is the most popular type used in coal mining industries. It has been designed in a way to cover a larger area than the single auger while extracting coal. Its design also allows for the easier transportation of extracted coal compared to other augers.

• Continuous Miner Auger:

  This type of auger combines the benefits of an auger with that of continuous miners. It is equipped with a large rotating drill that can mine and gather coal all in one operation. The continuous miner auger then further transports the coal using its built-in conveyor system. Such a machine greatly increases the level of efficiency in coal mining operations.

• Helical Auger:

  As the name suggests, a helical auger has a helical shape and is used to extract coal from the seam at a specific angle. Its position can be adjusted according to the requirement. It is effective when the coal seam is not horizontal or when there's a need to create orientation for other mining methods.

Specification & Maintenance

• Capacity: An auger's capacity implies the amount of coal it can extract in a given timeframe, usually indicated in tons per hour or cubic meters per hour. Regular monitoring of the hours-of-service meters should be done to allow for precise tracking of equipment usage. Keeping track of auger coal mining machine service records and monitoring its hours of use can help determine its service requirements, leading to improved equipment performance and uptime.
• Diameter: The diameter of the coal mining auger affects the size of the hole created and the volume of coal that can be extracted. Typical auger diameters might range from 24 inches to 60 inches (600 mm to 1,500 mm) or more. Taking preventive auger coal mining maintenance based on the manufacturer's recommendations helps to identify issues before they worsen, reducing unexpected downtimes. Implementing a scheduled maintenance practice based on the equipment's performance history can also ensure consistent auger coal mining machine efficiency and reliability.
• Power Source: The power source of the coal auger miner can be classified into electric-powered augers and diesel-powered augers, each possessing distinct properties suited to particular conditions. Maintaining proper fluid levels, such as engine oil, coolant, hydraulics, and fuel, is essential to ensure the auger functions optimally. Regularly checking the auger drill bit and its flight for wear, damage, or clogs is also vital. They should be cleaned, repaired, and replaced to maintain efficiency. Comparing auger coal mining machines power sources based on energy consumption and performance can assist in choosing the most suitable for a given application.
• Cutting Head: The functional part of the auger is the drilling head, which comes in different shapes and sizes designed for specific applications and types of coal seams. Some may have a roller cone design for better coverage, while others may feature a circular design for enhanced penetration rate. The cutting element of an auger coal mining drill may include tungsten carbide bits, plasma tips, and high, medium, and low viscous oil-filled, among others. Choosing the right combination for a particular coal seam can significantly impact the drilling speed and lifespan of the bits. Training operators on correct drilling techniques, such as maintaining a steady feed rate and avoiding over-heating the bits, can also improve the bit's performance and longevity.

Scenarios of auger coal mining machines

The primary application of auger coal mining machines is in coal mining operations, but their design and functionality allow for use in various other scenarios and applications.

• As previously mentioned, auger coal mining machines are currently used in coal mining operations. They are especially valuable in the extraction of coal seams that are inclined and near the surface of the ground. With their helical drills, augers can efficiently extract coal. The drilled coal is then transported through screw conveyors to a designated location for further processing or transport.
• Auger coal mining machines are also used to support mining operations. They may be used to extract rock or other material to create safe pathways for miners to travel through the mining area. The auger can create ventilation shafts in the mining area by drilling vertical holes. Such ventilation is necessary for the maintenance of good air quality, reducing the concentration of harmful gases and preventing the risk of explosions within the mining area.
• And in some cases, auger coal mining machines can facilitate the installation of underground utilities, such as fiber optics, water lines, and power cables. Instead of using trenchless drilling for such installations, they are carried out without excavation, minimizing disruption to the surface and surrounding areas.
• Auger coal mining machines are also used in the construction industry. They are helpful for projects that require deep foundation construction or soil stabilization. The machines can drill deep and vertical holes in the soil for securing posts, poles, or piles. They can also create anchor holes for securing retaining walls or slope stabilization structures.
• In the agricultural sector, auger coal mining machines are sometimes used in large-scale agricultural farms for soil preparation. They can be used to drill holes for planting trees or crops. Some coal mining augers are modified for use in livestock farms, where they can be used to mix feed or aggregates.

How to choose an auger coal mining machine

When selecting auger mining equipment, several factors must be considered to ensure the chosen machine is fit for purpose and will provide the required performance and productivity at the lowest operating cost.

• Seam/Coal Thickness

  The thickness of the coal seam to be mined will impact the type of auger that can be used. Coal seams up to approximately 2.4 m can be mined utilizing an auger as long as there are no obstructions in the coal stratum that would prevent their operation.

• Capacity Requirements

  The coal production rate required will also determine the size and number of augers that must be used. Typically, larger-diameter augers with multiple flights can increase coal extraction rates. However, balancing capacity against economic considerations is essential to avoid oversizing the machine and incurring unnecessary costs.

• Transportation & Setup

  It is also essential to consider how the auger will be transported to the mining site and its configuration once on-site. It has to be considered how the auger will be set up for operation and any auxiliary equipment required to minimize downtime and optimize efficiency.

• Equipment Availability

  It is also essential to consider how the auger will be set up for operation and any auxiliary equipment required to minimize downtime and optimize efficiency.

• Cost Analysis

  Finally, after evaluating the parameters above, a thorough cost analysis of the auger coal mining machine, including initial capital investment, operational expenses, maintenance costs, and potential revenue from coal extraction, is essential to make an informed decision that aligns with the business's financial goals.

Auger coal mining machine FAQ

Q1: What are the recent trends in coal auger and vertical shaft auger coal mining machine technology?

A1: Several trends are shaping coal auger mining technology. One is automation, with augers now having automated drilling systems that reduce manual input and boost production rates. Another trend is the deep-seal mining technique, which auger miners employ to extract coal from previously mined areas safely and efficiently. Advancements in auger design are allowing for larger-diameter augers that can process more coal at faster speeds. Auger coal mining machines are also being fitted with real-time monitoring systems to improve operational efficiency.

Q2: Are auger coal mining machines suitable for all types of coal deposits?

A2: No, auger coal mining machines may not be suitable for all types of coal deposits. Auger miners are most effective in extracting coal from shallow-seam deposits located in mountainous regions. The coal deposit has to be located within a horizontal angle of the coal deposit. If the coal deposit is deep, other mining methods will be more appropriate.

Q3: Do coal auger mining machines contribute to environmental sustainability?

A3: Yes, coal auger mining machines can contribute to environmental sustainability. It is one of the more environmentally friendly coal mining methods. Auger mining methods reduce surface disruption, and they also produce lower waste ratios than traditional open-pit mining methods. Furthermore, illegal mining activities can increase safety hazards and environmental risks. This is because they often leave behind unstable mine voids. Auger mining can safely extract coal from areas that traditional methods may leave inaccessible, thereby reducing potential environmental hazards.