Adjustable flasher relay

Types of Adjustable Flasher Relay

An adjustable flasher relay is a device in a vehicle's lighting circuit that controls the flashing of turn signals and hazard lights. Traditional relays rely on heat generated by current flow to switch signals on and off. In contrast, electronic relays use transistors, eliminating the need for moving mechanical parts. They also enable features like variable flashing rates. The key components of electronic relays are resistors, capacitors, and integrated circuits.

There are three main types of adjustable flasher relays:

• 1. 2-Pin Flasher Relay

  A 2-pin flasher relay is a basic turn signal relay with only two terminals. It is a conventional style relay used in older vehicles. The two terminals are connected when the relay is off. When the relay is energized, this connection opens, interrupting the circuit. The 2-pin adjustable flasher relay is available in both standard and electronic versions. The standard version uses a bimetallic strip to break the circuit after a predetermined time delay. Electronic versions use solid-state components to break the circuit after a time delay.

• 2. 3-Pin Flasher Relay

  The 3-pin flasher relay is a more advanced version of the turn signal relay. It has three terminals - power supply, output to the turn signals, and input from the switch that turns it on and off. The 3-pin relay allows for more complex control over the turn signal circuit. For example, it can enable features such as variable flashing rates based on temperature or allow the turn signals to be used even when the ignition is off. Like the 2-pin version, 3-pin relays are also available in standard and electronic varieties.

• 3. 4-Pin Flasher Relay

  The 4-pin flasher relay is the most sophisticated version of the turn signal relay. It has four terminals - power supply, output to the turn signals, input from the switch that turns it on and off, and an additional terminal for connection to other vehicle systems. The 4-pin relay allows for even more complex control over the turn signal circuit. For example, it can enable features such as integration with the vehicle's hazard lights or with other systems like the vehicle's central locking.

Specifications and maintenance of an adjustable flasher relay

Below are the specifications of an adjustable LED flasher relay:

• Voltage:

  The voltage of the adjustable turn signal relay must match the electrical system of the vehicle. Common voltages for automotive systems are 12V, with the ability to operate at a range of 10 to 14V.

• Current rating:

  This rating indicates the maximum current the relay can handle. It is essential for ensuring that the relay can handle the current requirements of the turn signal circuit without overheating or failing. The current rating is typically in amps (A) and should be selected based on the expected current draw of the turn signal bulbs or LED lights. For example, a relay with a 20A rating could be used for standard incandescent bulbs, while a 10A or lower rating might be sufficient for LED-based designs, which draw less current.

• Flashing frequency:

  The flashing frequency determines how quickly the turn signals flash. This frequency is usually given in flashes per minute (FPM). Some adjustable flashers allow users to select a frequency that suits their preferences or matches the requirements of specific vehicle designs. For example, a frequency of 60 FPM would result in one flash per minute, while 120 FPM would cause the signals to flash twice per minute.

• Load sensitivity:

  Load sensitivity refers to the relay's ability to detect changes in the load (i.e., the current draw) of the turn signal circuit. Some adjustable relays are load-sensitive, meaning they can automatically adjust their flashing operation based on the type and number of connected bulbs or LED lights. This feature ensures consistent flashing rates, even when replacing old bulbs with new LED lights or changing the number of connected lights.

• Temperature range:

  Temperature range indicates the optimal operating conditions for the relay to function reliably. Automotive relays must withstand high temperatures in engine compartments and extreme weather conditions. Therefore, the temperature range is typically between -40°C to 125°C (-40°F to 257°F).

• Mounting type:

  Mounting type specifies how the relay is attached to the vehicle's electrical system. Common mounting methods include plug-in (for relays that fit into a socket), screw-mounted, or panel-mounted. The mounting type should match the available space and attachment methods in the vehicle's electrical system.

• Voltage drop:

  Voltage drop is the reduction in voltage that occurs across the relay when it is activated. A low voltage drop is important for ensuring that the turn signal lights receive sufficient power to operate at their full brightness. This is especially crucial for LED lights, which may be less tolerant of voltage drops than incandescent bulbs.

To ensure that the adjustable relay continues to function properly, it is necessary to perform regular maintenance. Below are the maintenance requirements:

• 1. Regular inspections:

  Check the relay at least once a month and associated wiring for signs of damage, wear, or corrosion. Look for cracks, frayed wires, or rust that could affect relay performance or cause electrical problems.

• 2. Clean contacts:

  Over time, dirt and corrosion can accumulate on the relay's contacts, leading to poor electrical connections and unreliable operation. Use a contact cleaner or a small amount of rubbing alcohol on a lint-free cloth to clean the relay's contacts gently.

• 3. Tighten connections:

  Make sure all electrical connections related to the relay are secure. Loose connections can cause intermittent operation or complete relay failure.

• 4. Test functionality:

  Periodically test the relay's functionality by activating the turn signal switch and observing the turn signal lights. If the flashing rate is inconsistent, the same is true for the relay's operation; then, the relay may require adjustment or replacement.

• 5. Lubricate moving parts:

  Some relays have moving parts that may require periodic lubrication to ensure smooth operation. Use a small amount of appropriate lubricant, such as silicone grease or lithium grease, on any moving parts of the relay.

• 6. Replace if necessary:

  If the relay continues to malfunction despite cleaning, tightening, adjusting, or lubricating or if it is damaged, worn out, or corroded, it must be replaced with a new relay with the same specifications.

How to choose adjustable flasher relay

Buying an appropriate and right-adjustable flasher relay takes more than just picking the first one that comes across. It's important to consider various factors that influence the decision-making process. Here are some of the key considerations;

The primary consideration should be the type of bulbs in use, as incandescent bulbs are traditional and widely used. They function well with standard flashers. On the other hand, LED bulbs are energy-efficient and brighter but require special flashers that are compatible and specifically designed for them. When using LED bulbs, ensure the relay is an adjustable electronic type to manage the lower power consumption effectively.

It's also important to note the voltage system of the vehicle. Most vehicles operate on a 12-volt system, which is the standard. However, some larger vehicles, especially trucks, may use a 24-volt system. In such cases, ensure the flasher relay is suitable for the vehicle's electrical system to avoid damage or malfunction.

Consider the load capacity of the flasher relay. It should handle the total wattage of all the lighting bulbs. For a larger number of LED bulbs, a relay with a higher load capacity is required due to their increased wattage compared to standard bulbs. Hence, a 2-amp relay is appropriate for LED bulbs, while a 10-amp relay is suitable for incandescent bulbs.

Finding the right relay base for the vehicle is important. Not all vehicles come pre-installed with the correct base for an adjustable flasher relay. Some vehicles may require additional mounting hardware or adapters for proper installation when the base is not available.

Choose a brand with a good reputation. Many aftermarket brands offer adjustable flashers, and it's advisable to go for well-known brands with a good reputation for quality and reliability. Reading reviews and seeking recommendations can help find a trustworthy brand that suits individual needs and preferences.

Price is an essential consideration when purchasing the adjustable flasher relay. The cost of the flasher relay varies depending on the brand, features, and load capacity. It's advisable to set a budget and compare different options within the range for the best value for money.

How to DIY and Replace

Some steps that should be followed when replacing a faulty adjustable flasher relay are:

• Identify the Location of the Flasher Relay

  Many cars have a user manual that shows where the flasher relay is located. The guide is the first place to look. The relay is mostly found under the steering wheel, in the fuse box, or under the hood.

• Remove the Old Relay

  After locating the relay, it is time to remove it. First, one should switch off the car. Next, it is advisable to hold the relay using its base and twist it slightly to break any glue holding it in place. Once it is loose, carefully pull it out.

• Install the New Relay

  Now, take the new relay and insert it into the opening. Ensure it is in the right position, just like the old one was. After that, turn on the car and test the blinkers. If they work well, the job is done.

Q and A

Q1. What is an adjustable flasher relay used for?

A1. The adjustable flasher relay is used to control turn signals and taillights in vehicles. It manages the flashing speed of the bulbs, ensuring they blink at a consistent pace. This relay is especially important when changing to LED bulbs, as it adjusts the blinking speed.

Q2. Where is the adjustable flasher relay located?

A2. The adjustable flasher relay is typically located under the dashboard, either in the driver's footwell area or near the fuse box. It can also be found in other places, such as around the steering column or under the hood in the engine relay center. Its location can vary depending on the vehicle's make and model.

Q3. How can the flasher relay be adjusted?

A3. To adjust the flasher relay, first, locate it in the vehicle. Then, open the cover and find the adjustment wheel or screw. Turn the wheel or screw using a screwdriver or other tools, then, observe the turn signal lights. Keep repeating this process until the desired flashing speed is achieved.

Q4. Can any vehicle use an adjustable flasher relay?

A4. Yes, any vehicle can use an adjustable flasher relay. However, some vehicles may require additional wiring or adapters for proper installation. It is compatible with most 12V cars, trucks, and motorcycles.

Q5. Is the adjustable flasher relay waterproof?

A5. Some adjustable flasher relays are not waterproof but are designed to be water-resistant. They may have a sealed or coated housing that protects them from moisture and corrosion. However, a completely waterproof relay is not guaranteed. It is advisable to install the relay in a dry place away from direct exposure to water or extreme weather conditions.