Actuator for door mirror

Types of Actuator for Door Mirror

An actuator for door mirror is a small motor installed inside the rearview mirror of a car. It is responsible for adjusting the position of the mirror glass so that the driver can get a better view of the surroundings. Without the actuator, the mirror will be fixed in one position, and the driver will not be able to adjust it to his/her preferred angle.

The actuator for door mirror comes in different types depending on the kind of adjustment it allows. There are two main types:

• Manual mirror actuators: These are the traditional type of actuators that are available in cars made before the 2000s. They use a lever mechanism that is both simple and inexpensive. The driver uses a lever located inside the car beside the door. Pulling or pushing the lever will move the mirror glass in the desired direction. Mechanical linkages connect the lever to the mirror mount, which tilts the mirror. Even though manual mirror actuators are reliable, they have become less popular because of their inconvenient operation. The driver has to stop the car to adjust the mirror, which is not the case with the electric mirror actuator.
• Electric mirror actuators: This is the most common type of actuator for door mirrors. Electric mirror actuators use a small electric motor to tilt the mirror glass. The driver can adjust the position of the mirror using buttons on the control panel located on the door or a switch on the central console. Generally, electric mirror actuators are more convenient and allow for precise adjustments. They are more expensive and complex than manual mirror actuators.

Another classification of door mirror actuators is based on functionality.

• Standard actuators: They use a single motor to control the tilt of the mirror in different directions. The motor drives a mechanical linkage that allows the mirror glass to swivel up, down, left, and right.
• Foldable actuators: Foldable actuators allow the mirror to fold inwards, which protects the mirror from damage when the vehicle is parked. They are mainly used in electric and premium vehicles.
• Heated mirror actuators: These are actuators that come with heating elements to prevent the formation of fog or ice on the mirror surface. They are mostly used in cold regions or during winter.

The actuator for door mirrors also varies depending on the technology used. For instance, some advanced vehicles use stepper motors for precise control of the mirror position.

Specifications and Maintenance of Actuator for Door Mirror

The specification of the side mirror actuators is based on the needs of various vehicles. Here are some common specifications:

• Voltage Rating

  The voltage rating is used to determine the amount of electrical power required to operate the actuator. Most door mirror actuators have a voltage rating of 12 volts. This voltage is used in most vehicles.

• Current Draw

  The current draw is the amount of current the actuator uses when it is in operation. The current draw for a door mirror actuator is usually between 0.5 to 2 amps. A higher current draw translates to more power usage and might require a larger fuse.

• Torque Rating

  Torque rating is the amount of force the actuator uses to move the mirror. The torque rating is dependent on the size and design of the actuator motor. Typically, the torque rating for a door mirror actuator is between 0.1 to 0.5 Nm.

• Speed

  The speed rating of a side mirror actuator indicates how fast it can move the mirror. The speed of the actuator is determined by the motor's design and the gear ratio. The speed of the actuator is measured in revolutions per minute (RPM), and it ranges between 30 to 100 RPM.

• Operating Temperature

  The operating temperature rating of door mirror actuators ranges from -20 to 80 degrees Celsius. This means the actuator can function in high and low temperatures. The temperature affects the performance of the actuator and the lubricants used.

• Gear Ratio

  The gear ratio is the ratio of the number of teeth on the gears of the motor to the number of teeth on the gear of the mirror. The gear ratio for door mirror actuators ranges from 1:5 to 1:20. This means the motor turns the mirror several times to move it.

Maintaining door mirror actuators is crucial to ensure they function properly. Here are some maintenance tips:

• Regular Inspection: Check the door mirror actuators regularly for any signs of damage. Also, inspect the wiring and connections to make sure there are no loose connections or frayed wires.
• Lubrication: Lubricate the door mirror actuators periodically to ensure they operate smoothly. The lubricant reduces friction between the moving parts of the actuator. Use a silicone-based lubricant, as it is suitable for plastic parts.
• Cleaning: Clean the door mirror actuators regularly to remove dirt, debris, and dust. Cleaning prevents the buildup of materials that can affect the function of the actuator. Use a damp cloth and mild detergent to clean the actuators.
• Protect from Moisture: Protect the door mirror actuators from exposure to moisture. This is because moisture can damage the electrical components of the mirror actuator. In case the vehicle is exposed to water or extreme weather, ensure the actuators are protected.
• Replace Worn Parts: Over time, some parts of the door mirror actuators may get worn out. This can affect how the actuator functions. Replace any worn-out parts promptly to prevent further damage to the actuator.

How to choose an actuator for door mirror

Choosing a proper mirror actuation system for a specific vehicle requires careful consideration of several factors:

• Vehicle type and segment

  The vehicle type and segment should be considered in the choice of the actuator. For large vehicles like trucks, the mirrors are larger, and the actuation system will need to have more torque to move the heavier glass. In contrast, passenger vehicles have lighter mirrors that require less powerful actuators.

• Mirror design and configuration

  The design and configuration of the mirrors should be considered. If the vehicle has a convex mirror, the actuator will need to allow for the slight distortion of the image that a convex mirror causes. A dual mirror setup (combination of a standard and convex mirror) will require an actuator that can control both surfaces independently.

• Power source

  Electric powered actuators are the most common in modern vehicles. They are convenient as they use the power from the vehicle's electrical system. The type of power source (manual, hydraulic, or pneumatic) should be decided depending on the vehicle’s design. Manual actuators are less convenient and are often found in budget-friendly vehicles.

• Cost considerations

  Budgetary constraints also affect the choice of the door mirror actuator. High-end vehicles use electric motors for mirror adjustment, while mid-range cars may use cheaper alternatives. The cost of the actuators varies based on the technology and the materials used in their construction.

• Integration with existing systems

  The integration of the actuator with the vehicle's existing systems such as the central locking, alarm system, and other control systems should be considered. The compatibility of the actuator with the vehicle's electrical system and other existing systems should be ensured.

• Environmental considerations

  The expected operating environment, such as extreme temperatures, humidity, and exposure to corrosive elements, should be considered. An actuator with seals and protective covers that will allow it to function optimally in the expected environmental conditions should be chosen.

• Additional features

  Additional features such as memory functions, heating elements for defrosting, and integrated cameras for surround view systems can be considered. The choice of additional features should be based on the desired level of comfort, safety, and convenience.

How to DIY and Replace Actuator for Door Mirror

Replacing a mirror on the door can be a straightforward process that can be done with the right tools and basic mechanical skills. Here is a step-by-step guide on how to replace an actuator in a door mirror.

Before that, here are the tools and materials that will be needed:

• New door mirror with actuator
• Screwdriver (flathead and Phillips)
• Torx wrench (if applicable)
• Trim removal tool
• Electrical connectors (if applicable)
• Safety glasses

Steps to replace door mirrors with actuators

• 1. Ensure the vehicle is turned off, and the mirrors are not activated. Put on safety glasses to protect the eyes from flying debris.
• 2. Using a trim removal tool or screwdriver, carefully remove any plastic covers or trim pieces surrounding the door mirror. Be cautious not to damage the trim or the surrounding areas.
• 3. Locate the screws or bolts securing the mirror. Use a screwdriver or Torx wrench to remove them. Support the mirror with one hand while removing the fasteners with the other to prevent it from falling.
• 4. If the vehicle has heated mirrors or additional electrical functions, disconnect the electrical connectors. Note the connector's orientation and connection layout for reassembly.
• 5. Install the new door mirror with actuator. If applicable, connect the electrical connectors, ensuring they are securely attached to the proper orientation.
• 6. Secure the new mirror using the previously removed screws or bolts. Ensure it is firmly fastened to prevent vibrations or movement.
• 7. Reinstall any plastic covers or trim pieces removed earlier. Ensure they are properly aligned and seated to maintain a clean appearance.
• 8. Test the new door mirror and actuator to ensure proper functionality. Adjust the mirror position if necessary.

Q&A

Q1. Can a heated mirror still work if the actuator is broken?

A1. No, the heated mirror will not function if the actuator is broken. The actuator is responsible for controlling the mirror's movement, including the heated feature. If the actuator is faulty, it will affect the mirror's movement and functionality.

Q2. What is the expected lifespan of an actuator for a door mirror?

A2. The lifespan of an actuator for a door mirror can vary depending on usage and conditions. Generally, it lasts between 5 to 7 years. Regular maintenance and timely replacement can help prolong its lifespan.

Q3. What are the signs of a failing mirror actuator?

A3. Signs of a failing mirror actuator include slow or unresponsive movement of the mirror, inaccurate positioning, and noise during operation. If users notice these signs, it's essential to check and replace the actuator if necessary.

Q4. Can users manually adjust the mirror if the actuator is failed?

A4. If the actuator is failed, it may be challenging to adjust the mirror manually. The mirror may be stuck in one position or require excessive force to move. In such cases, replacing the actuator is recommended for proper functionality.

Q5. Is it possible to upgrade to a more advanced mirror actuator?

A5. Yes, upgrading to a more advanced mirror actuator is possible. Options include choosing actuators with additional features like heating, auto-dimming, or memory functions. Consult a professional to ensure compatibility with the existing door mirror system.