All categories
Featured selections
Trade Assurance
Buyer Central
Help Center
Get the app
Become a supplier
(658 products available)
3-nitrobenzoic acid is a chemical reagent mainly used in pharmaceutical research and production. It is also used in the manufacture of certain dyes and as an intermediate in organic synthesis. The following are the most common types available:
3-Nitrobenzoic acid potassium salt
This salt form is generated by neutralising 3-nitrobenzoic acid with potassium hydroxide. It is commonly used to prepare potassium and other metal nitrates through an exchange reaction. These nitrates also find their way into the catalyst preparation used in heterogeneous catalysis.
3-Nitrobenzoic anhydride
This derivative is formed through the condensation reaction of 3-nitrobenzoic acid with acetic anhydride. It is mainly used as a reagent in organic synthesis, especially in the acetylation of amino acids and other amines. It can also be used in forming other acid chlorides.
3-Nitrobenzoic acid methyl ester
Commonly known as 3-nitro benzoate, this compound is made by reacting 3-nitrobenzoic acid with methanol in the presence of an acid catalyst. Nitrogen methyl esters of benzoic acid are mainly used in organic synthesis and in the preparation of 3-nitrobenzoic acid for methylamine and related compounds.
3-Nitrobenzoic acid ethyl ester
This compound is generated by the reaction of 3-nitrobenzoic acid with ethanol in the presence of an acid catalyst. It is occasionally used as a reagent in organic synthesis. It is also used to generate 3-nitro benzoic acid when ethanol is generated. This makes it useful when synthesising ethylamine and related compounds.
3-Nitrobenzoic acid amides
These compounds are made by reacting 3-nitrobenzoic acid with various amines. They are primarily used as intermediates in organic synthesis. The amides are also used in prepn of amines which are important in pharmaceutical and chemical industries.
Acidity/Basicity
3-nitrobenzoic acid is moderately acidic due to the presence of the carboxylic acid functional group (-COOH). The acidity is affected by the electron-withdrawing nitro group, which increases the acidity by stabilising the negative charge on the conjugate base. 3-nitrobenzoic acid has a pKa value of approximately 3.49, indicating that it is a relatively strong acid compared to other benzoic acid derivatives.
Reactivity
3-nitrobenzoic acid contains both carboxylic acid and nitro functional groups. This therefore makes it highly reactive in a variety of chemical reactions. The carboxylic acid group can participate in esterification reactions, forming esters with alcohols. The nitro group can participate in electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. This can lead to the formation of other nitro-substituted aromatic compounds. It can also be reduced to amine compounds such as aniline.
Solubility
3-Nitrobenzoic acid is moderately soluble in water due to its polar carboxylic acid group. It can also dissolve in polar organic solvents like ethanol, acetone, and methanol. The nitro group increases the polarity of the molecule thereby enhancing its water solubility compared to other benzoic acid derivatives.
Stability and Storage
3-Nitrobenzoic acid is a stable solid under normal storage conditions. It is primarily characterised by its yellowish crystalline appearance. However, like most organic compounds, it can degrade when exposed to excessive heat and light. It can also degrade when exposed to certain strong reagents or when undergoes chemical reactions with the wrong reactants.3-Nitrobenzoic acid should be kept in a cool, dry, and dark environment in order to preserve its stability and reactivity.
Toxicity and Safety
3-Nitrobenzoic acid is moderately toxic. The nitro group can potentially form reactive nitrogen species in the body, which may lead to oxidative stress and damage to cells and tissues. Therefore, when handling this chemical, proper safety precautions must be undertaken. Some of its toxicological properties are:
Skin irritation: Prolonged or repeated skin contact with 3-nitrobenzoic acid may cause irritation, leading to redness, inflammation, and discomfort.
Eye Damage: Direct contact with the eyes can cause serious irritation, including redness, tearing, and potential damage to eye tissues.
Respiratory effects: Inhalation of 3-nitrobenzoic acid dust or vapours may lead to respiratory irritation. This introduces symptoms like coughing, difficulty breathing, and inflammation of the respiratory tract.
Pharmaceutical industry
3-Nitrobenzoic acid is popularly used in the pharmaceutical industry as a reagent. This is due to its ability to form amine compounds such as aniline, which are ideal intermediates in drug synthesis. It is also used in the synthesis of other biologically active compounds. Examples include certain antimalarial drugs and antibiotics. These compounds have nitro groups that are essential for their biological activity.
Dyes and pigments
3-Nitrobenzoic acid is used to manufacture azo dyes and pigments. These are organic compounds that containazo functional groups which are nucleophilic enough to react with electrophilic species to form stable products. These dyes give vibrant colours and are used in textiles, paints, and other materials. The acid's nitro group provides the necessary reactivity for forming these complex dyes.
Chemical manufacturing
This acid mainly acts as a building block for synthesising other chemicals. These chemicals include benzoic acids and their esters, which are useful in a variety of applications. They range from food preservation to the manufacture of plastics and resins. Due to its versatile chemical structure, 3-nitrobenzoic acid can easily be transformed into a myriad of other useful compounds.
Polymer industry
3-Nitrobenzoic acid and its derivatives are increasingly being used in the polymer industry. Here, they are used to synthesise specialty polymers and copolymers with unique properties. These compounds are valuable in high-performance coatings, adhesives, and plastics for their durability and heat resistance.
Agriculture
Certain esters of 3-nitrobenzoic acid are used in agriculture as herbicides and pesticides. These compounds are useful for controlling weed and pest infestation. This therefore helps in safeguarding crop yields and quality. The acid's ability to form different ester derivatives allows for the creation of targeted agricultural chemicals.
Purity level
3-nitrobenzoic acid is used in varying applications across industries. Therefore, nitrobenzoic buyers should consider the chemical's purity. Generally, lab-grade acids have a purity of about 99% and above. This makes them suitable for research and pharmaceutical applications where small quantities are vital. For industrial applications where quality control is necessary, a higher purity means better product outcomes. So, at Alibaba.com, buyers should prioritise acid purity based on their intended application.
Form
3-nitrobenzoic acid comes in powder and crystalline forms. The choice mainly depends on the application and solubility requirements. The powdered form is usually preferred in industrial applications. This is due to its ease of handling and quicker dissolution in solvents. On the other hand, the crystalline form is ideal for research purposes where visual inspection and measurement accuracy is paramount.
Source
To get a consistently high-quality product, it's crucial to get 3-nitrobenzoic acid from reputable manufacturers. Reliable suppliers usually adhere to recognised quality standards. They also provide detailed product specifications. Buyers can also consider 3-nitrobenzoic acid companies with ISO certifications as a way of ensuring they get a quality and safe product. Moreover, they should carefully vet potential suppliers's chemical sourcing practices. This will ensure they avoid suppliers with a tendency of sourcing toxic materials.
Lead times and logistics
As a chemical buyer, one needs to maintain consistent stock levels. Therefore, when choosing a supplier, it's essential to consider their lead times and logistics capabilities. This will ensure a reliable supply chain. Moreover, it's crucial to clarify their minimum order quantities (MOQs) and shipping costs. As a result, this will allow for better financial planning. Also, buyers should factor in the possibility of customs delays. It's crucial to choose a supplier with efficient documentation processes.
Testing and verification
When purchasing 3-nitrobenzoic acid in bulk, it's vital to ensure that the product meets the specified quality standards. Buyers should demand certificates of analysis (COA) that include purity, moisture content, and particle size distribution. They should also consider third-party testing as a way of verifying the product quality and composition before use.
Sustainability
In recent years, there has been an increasing emphasis on environmentally friendly practices in the chemicals industry. 3-nitrobenzoic acid can be manufactured using a variety of methods. To promote sustainability, buyers can prioritise suppliers that use greener synthetic methods or that offer more environmentally friendly packaging options. They can also consider suppliers that adhere to corporate social responsibility.
It is mainly used as a reagent in synthesising pharmaceutical compounds, such as certain antibiotics and analgesics.
Some of the most common bulk handling safety measures include keeping the acid in a cool and dry place with proper ventilation.
These esters are effective at controlling a variety of weed species without significantly harming desirable crops or the surrounding ecosystem.
The nitro group acts as an electron-withdrawing group, making 3-nitrobenzoic acid a stronger acid than benzoic acid. This is by stabilising the negative charge on the conjugate base through resonance. It increases solubility in water and organic solvents, therefore broadening its applicability.
Buyers should primarily consider the supplier's reputation, and their compliance with relevant chemical regulations. They should also consider the saper's acid purity, availability, lead times, and MOQs.
