Engine immobilizer system

Types of Engine Immobilizer Systems

An engine immobilizer system is an electronic security device fitted in a car to prevent it from starting without the proper key. When installed, it substantially decreases the risk of car theft. There are various types of engine immobiliser systems, and they include the following.

• Passive immobilizer: This is the most basic form of engine immobilizer anti theft system. It consists of a key code, which is a computer chip that is in the key that goes into the ignition. The code is read by the key and the immobilizer. If the codes don't match, the engine will not start. In this system, the driver doesn't have to do anything. The system is always working in the background. It is called a passive system because the driver doesn't have to do anything for it to work.
• Active immobilizer: This is a more advanced form of an engine immobilizer system. It has a small device that the owner has with them when they are in or around the car. When the owner gets in the car, they have to enter a code or press a button. If the code isn't right or the button isn't pressed, the engine won't start. This is called an active system because the driver has to actively do something to enable the system.
• Vehicle tracking system: This is another advanced type of engine immobiliser system. It is a combination of an engine immobilizer and a GPS tracker. When a vehicle tracking system is installed in a car, it can be tracked all the time. If the car is stolen, the police or the owner can find out where it is. This makes it easier to get the car back. It also helps to prevent theft because thieves know that the car can be tracked.
• Biometric immobilizer: Biometric immobilizers use biological characteristics to control access to the car. This can be a fingerprint or a facial recognition system. The driver has to scan their fingerprint or face to start the car. If the scan doesn't match what's saved, the engine won't start.
• Smart key: This is a special type of key that has a computer chip in it. The chip in the key sends a code to the car when the key is put in the ignition. If the code matches the key in the car, the engine will start. The driver doesn't have to take the key out of their pocket or bag to open or start the car. The car will automatically unlock when the driver is near it.

Specification and maintenance of engine immobilizer systems

Specifications of the engine immobilizer system include:

• Key/Transponders

Typically, transponders are embedded in the car keys. The transponder chip communicates with the vehicle's vehicle immobiliser system. Different vehicles may use various transponder chip technologies, such as fixed code, rolling code, or cryptographic code.

• Key Cylinder

The key cylinder is the part of the vehicle where the key is inserted to start the engine. It includes key detection mechanisms that interact with the transponder to authorize the engine's startup.

• ECU

The Engine Control Unit (ECU) is the vehicle's computer that controls and regulates various components of the engine. The ECU receives signals from the key transponder and key cylinder to authorize the engine start. It also interfaces with the vehicle's security alarm system.

• Security Indicator

The system usually has a security indicator, such as a flashing light on the dashboard. The indicator shows the system is active and acts as a visual deterrent to potential thieves.

• Antenna

An antenna is usually installed in and around the key cylinder area. It receives the signal from the transponder in the key and relays it to the ECU. The antenna ensures the key and the vehicle's immobilizer system can communicate over a short distance.

• Immobilizer Bypass Module

Some vehicles with complex electrical systems may have an immobilizer bypass module. This module can help mechanics perform maintenance or repairs without completely immobilizing the vehicle's engine. The bypass module allows the engine to start even if the immobilizer system is not working or the key is lost.

Regular maintenance is key to ensuring the engine immobilizer system works properly. Here are some routine checks and maintenance measures:

• Check the Key: Ensure the key does not show signs of severe wear or damage. If the key is damaged, it may not interact correctly with the transponder or key cylinder.
• Key Battery: For vehicles with key fobs, check the key fob battery regularly and replace it if it is low. A weak key fob battery may prevent the key from communicating with the vehicle's engine immobiliser system.
• Key Programming: Ensure all keys are correctly programmed to the vehicle. Improperly programmed keys may not authorize the engine start.
• Check Warning Lights: If the vehicle has warning lights related to the immobilizer system, make sure to address them promptly. Warning lights could indicate a problem that needs attention.
• Vehicle Battery: Ensure the vehicle battery is in good condition. A weak battery may cause issues with the immobilizer system by providing insufficient power to the transponder and ECU.
• Security Codes: Keep the security codes for the keys and the immobilizer system in a secure, accessible location. It is useful for reprogramming the keys or ECU if needed.
• If there is a problem: If the system is malfunctioning, consult a qualified mechanic or a car dealer who knows the system. They can diagnose the issue and take care of the repairs or replacements.

How to Choose Engine Immobilizer System

When considering which engine immobilizer system to choose, it's essential to consider the type of vehicle the system is intended for. Some systems may be more compatible with certain vehicles, while others are more versatile.

It is also advisable to consult the legal requirements of the region in which the vehicle is to be used. Connection to a vehicle alarm with a loud siren is also an added advantage. For convenience and additional security, a system that allows for easy addition of key fobs and Bluetooth keys is a good choice.

When choosing an immobilizer for a vehicle, it is important to consider the type of vehicle in question. Different systems are set up to work with different vehicles. For example, a system designed for a car is set up differently than a system designed for a motorcycle. Additionally, some systems are designed to work with vehicles that have specific features, such as keyless entry or a key fob with a transponder. When choosing the right immobilizer system, it is important to select a system that is designed to work with the specific vehicle in question.

Another important factor to consider when choosing a vehicle immobiliser system is the level of security desired. Some systems offer more security features than others. For example, some systems have a tamper-proof design that makes it extremely difficult for a thief to bypass the immobilizer. Additionally, some systems are compatible with other security features, such as an alarm system. By choosing a system with the desired security features, car owners can have peace of mind knowing their vehicles are well protected.

How to DIY and replace Engine Immobilizer Systems

Generally, it is not recommendable to install the car immobilizer system by oneself. The engine immobilizer anti theft system is a complex security device designed by experts to prevent car theft. However, if the vehicle owner is a DIY enthusiast with advanced skills in electronics and wiring, it is possible to install a DIY immobilizer. They can use the following steps as a guide to install the engine immobilizer system.

• First and foremost, it is advisable to read and understand the installation manual of the engine immobilizer kit.
• Open the car's bonnet and disconnect the battery terminals. Avoid coming into contact with the battery terminals and any metallic surfaces of the vehicle to prevent short-circuiting. Once the battery is disconnected, it is safe to start the installation process.
• Identify the key ignition wires. For the engine immobilizer to work, it must be connected to the car's key ignition. The key ignition wires are mostly found underneath the steering wheel. The color of the wires may vary depending on the car’s make and model. However, the key ignition wires are commonly red or black.
• Connect the engine immobilizer wires to the key ignition wires. The color of the wires from the engine immobilizer might not be the same as the color of the wires from the car’s key ignition. Connect the wires as per the installation manual.
• After connecting the wires, it is recommended to test the engine immobilizer system to ensure it is working correctly. Reconnect the battery terminals and test whether the car is still starting. If the car starts, disconnect the battery terminals and recheck the wiring connections.
• After ensuring the engine immobilizer kit is installed correctly, hide the wires to prevent tampering. Users can also install the alarm siren and connect it to the engine immobilizer system.
• Once the installation process is complete, reconnect the battery terminals and close the car’s bonnet.

Q and A

Q1: What are the common problems of an engine immobilizer system?

A1: An immobilizer can sometimes be the cause of problems when starting the car. The key may need to be reprogrammed. Check the owner's manual for more information about the specific car’s immobilizer.

Q2: What is the difference between a car alarm and an immobilizer system?

A2: The alarm sets off an audible signal when someone is tampering with the car. The immobilizer, by contrast, prevents the engine from starting unless a key with a specific code is inserted into the ignition.

Q3: Can the engine immobilizer system be disabled?

A3: Disabling the immobilizer is not recommended as it compromises the vehicle's security. If any modifications are made, it is important to consult with the vehicle's authorized service provider to ensure compliance and maintain adequate security.