Custom trailer axles

Types of Custom Trailer Axles

Custom trailer axles are a vital part of any towing set up. They are found on the bottom of the trailer, where they serve as a support system for the wheels. The axles also provide a mounting point for the suspension system. This feature makes custom trailer axles an important part of the overall stability and balance of a trailer. Speaking of balance, it is worth mentioning that the mounting of the axle impacts the balance and weight distribution of the trailer. This, in turn, affects the towing performance of the trailer.

There are several types of trailer axles suitable for different trailer designs and purposes. These include:

• Leaf Spring Axles: These are the most common types of axles found on trailers. They are also called trailer axles. A leaf spring axle consists of a spring pack arranged in a leaf-like shape. The springs are mounted under the axle tube using spring clips. The number of leaves in the leaf spring varies depending on the specific application. For example, heavier-duty leaf spring axles will have more leaves.
• Torsion Axles: Torsion axles are becoming increasingly popular among trailer manufacturers. Unlike the leaf spring axle, the torsion axle does not have a spring mounted on the outside. Instead, the spring is located inside the axle tube. The axle tube contains several independent rubber cords. When the trailer wheels turn, the cords twist, providing resistance. This setup offers more ground clearance and is less likely to get damaged by road debris.
• Electric Brake Axle: Trailer axles with electric brakes are becoming the standard for custom-built trailers. The braking system is controlled using an electric controller mounted in the tow vehicle. Custom trailers with electric brake axles stop more accurately and evenly compared to those with hydraulic brake axle trailers.
• Drop Axles: Drop axles are designed with a unique shape. The spindles are mounted below the axle beam, which results in a lower ride height. Custom trailers with drop axles offer a lower loading height and are ideal for heavy-load transportation.

Specifications and Maintenance of Custom Trailer Axles

Custom trailer axle specifications vary depending on the requirements of the trailer. Here are some general specifications to consider:

• Axle Capacity

  The axle capacity refers to the amount of weight the axle can handle. This is determined by the size and the thickness of the materials used to make the axle. For instance, a heavy-duty trailer custom axle can handle more weight than a small utility trailer axle. The capacity of the trailer axle should always be matched with the trailer Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR).

• Axle Size

  The axle size is measured from one wheel mounting surface to the other. Axles come in different sizes which range from 35 inches to 89 inches. The axle size is important because it determines the fit of the trailer wheels.

• Bearings

  Bearings allow the wheels to spin smoothly on the axle. The size and number of bearings on the axle are determined by the axle size and capacity. Custom trailer wheel bearings must be maintained properly to ensure the trailer functions well.

• Spindle Size

  The spindle is the part of the axle where the bearings are installed. The size of the spindle is important because it determines the compatibility of the trailer axle with the trailer wheels. Spindle sizes range from 1.0 inches to 1.375 inches.

• Brake Flange

  Brake flanges are used to install brakes on the axle. The size and location of the brake flange are important specifications that affect the performance of the trailer's braking system.

Below are some maintenance tips for custom trailer axles:

• Check the Axle for Damage: Users should periodically inspect their trailer axles for any signs of damage. This includes looking out for bent or cracked axles. Any damage should be addressed immediately to prevent further damage or accidents.
• Grease the Bearings: It is important to make sure that the trailer axle bearings always have grease. This is because, without proper lubrication, there could be bearing failure. Users should always follow the manufacturer's instructions on how to lubricate the trailer axle bearings.
• Check the Wheel Lug Nuts: Wheel lug nuts should be inspected regularly to ensure they are properly torqued. Loose lug nuts can cause damage to the axle and result in unsafe driving conditions.
• Brake Maintenance: Custom trailer axle brakes should be inspected regularly to see if there are any signs of wear or damage. The brake pads and brake flanges should be replaced if they become worn out. Users should always follow the manufacturer's instructions when maintaining the custom trailer axle brakes.

How to choose custom trailer axles

Choosing the right trailer axle can make a big difference in ensuring that the trailer performs well and lasts a long time. Here are a few things to consider when choosing trailer axles:

• Axle Capacity

  When selecting a trailer axle, its carrying capacity should be sufficient for the load that will be transported. The custom trailer axle capacity must be calculated by summing the weight of the trailer and its accessories and dividing it by two (for tandem axles). It is important always to select an axle with a greater capacity than the calculated value to ensure safety.

• Axle Type

  It is important to choose the kind of axle that best meets the requirements. Leaf-spring axles are the most common kind. They are also the most affordable and robust.

• Material

  Trailer axles are mostly made of steel, although some high-performance models use aluminum. Steel is robust and long-lasting, making it appropriate for most trailer applications. Aluminum is lighter than steel, making the trailer lighter and improving fuel efficiency. However, aluminum axles are more expensive than steel ones.

• Spindle Size

  The axle's spindle diameter and size must match the trailer's hub and wheel assembly. This guarantees the perfect fit and optimum functioning of the trailer axle. The spindle size is usually determined by the trailer's weight and the kind of wheel bearing system used.

• Suspension System

  It is vital to choose an axle with a suspension system appropriate for the needs of the trailer and the kind of terrain where it will be used. The suspension system plays an important role in ensuring the trailer's stability, load-bearing capacity, and ride comfort.

• Brake Compatibility

  The trailer axle must be compatible with the kind of braking system required (electric, hydraulic, or mechanical brakes). This compatibility guarantees the optimal functioning of the brake system and the safety of the trailer.

• Warranty and Support

  When selecting a trailer axle, it is important to pay attention to the warranty and after-sales service. This ensures assistance in cases of problems or defects.

• Price

  The price of the trailer axle is an important factor, but it should not be the only one considered. It is important to select a custom trailer axle that meets the requirements, even though it may not be the cheapest.

How to DIY and replace custom trailer axles

Here's how to replace a trailer axle:

• Car owners should start by gathering the necessary tools. These include a jack, jack stands, lug wrench, socket set, torque wrench, and appropriate axle installation tools. They should also have the new axle assembly or axle repair kit ready.
• For safety reasons, they should park the trailer on a level ground and engage the parking brake. Next, they should disconnect the battery's negative terminal to avoid any electrical mishaps.
• They should loosen the wheel lugs using the lug wrench. After that, they should lift the trailer with a jack and secure it with jack stands. Once they remove the wheel covers, the custom trailer axle's wheel lugs should be removed.
• At this point, they should detach any brake line clamps and support the brake lines to avoid stretching or damaging them. Depending on the trailer's design, they should remove the leaf spring bolts or spring hanger bolts to disconnect the springs from the axle.
• They should remove the old axle by disassembling the hub, wheel, brake drum, and other components on the custom trailer axle. At this stage, they can install the new axle. Before installing, they should ensure that the new axle is properly lubricated and adjusted according to the manufacturer's specifications. Then, they should reconnect the brake components, brake lines, and wheels. Finally, they should lower the trailer and tighten the wheel lugs using a torque wrench.

Q&A

Q1: How are trailer custom axles different from others?

A1: Unlike other trailer axles, custom trailer axles are designed to suit particular trailers. They are a more suitable and reliable option for the trailer, especially when it is used for specific purposes.

Q2: What is the most important consideration when ordering a custom trailer axle?

A2: The most important consideration when ordering a custom trailer axle is determining the correct weight capacity. This is done by considering the trailer's total weight when loaded, which is the Transportation and Storage Goods weight.

Q3: Can custom trailer axles be fitted on existing trailers?

A3: Yes, custom trailer axles can be fitted on existing trailers. However, the custom axle order will need to consider the trailer's design, existing axle specifications, and other important factors.

Q4: Are custom trailer axles susceptible to rusting?

A4: Custom trailer axles can be made with materials that have varying degrees of rust resistance. Examples include stainless steel and galvanized steel. However, the level of rust resistance will depend on the material used to make the custom trailer axle.